Table 1.

Multivariate associations with CD4 cell count changes after starting antiretroviral treatment (ART) comparing HIV-infected patients presenting with TB at ART start compared to all other patients. Results are presented as coefficient (CD4 cell count/µl/6 months), overall and restricted to time under viral suppression (HIV RNA viral load <1,000 copies/ml).

Characteristic	Crude			Adjusted
	Coefficient	(95% CI)	P value	Coefficient	(95% CI)	P value
Unrestricted
Overall	−5.35	(−10.67 to −0.02)	0.049	4.94	(0.20–9.68)	0.042
First 6 months after ART start	−32.97	(−46.30 to −19.64)	<0.0001	−3.25	(−15.32 to 8.81)	0.58
>6 months after ART start	0.20	(−5.06 to 5.46)	0.94	6.51	(1.97–11.06)	0.006
Restricted to time under viral suppression
Overall	−7.08	(−12.56 to −1.60)	0.012	4.89	(0.06–9.73)	0.048
First 6 months after ART start	−38.86	(−52.19 to −25.53)	<0.0001	−1.29	(−13.47 to 10.87)	0.83
>6 months after ART start	0.05	(−5.39 to 5.50)	0.99	6.22	(1.53–10.91)	0.010

Models were adjusted for age, sex, CD4 cell count at ART start, current CD4 cell count, time on ART, WHO clinical stage, and treatment site. An interaction term between time on ART and presenting with TB at ART start was included in the model.

ART, antiretroviral therapy; TB, tuberculosis; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval