Table 4.
Distribution of all types of DDE, separately diffuse opacities, hypoplasia and demarcated opacities according to socio-demographics
| DDE % (n) | Diffuse opacities % (n) | Enamel hypoplasia % (n) | Demarcated opacities % (n) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex |
Male |
36.0 (222)* |
25.6 (158)* |
7.5 (46) |
5.7 (35) |
| Female |
31.0 (188) |
20.7 (125) |
8.4 (51) |
4.3 (26) |
|
| Number of children |
1- 3 children |
34.0 (230) |
24.1 (163) |
7.8 (53) |
3.8 (26) |
| 4 and above children |
33.0 (180) |
22.0 (120) |
8.1 (44) |
6.4 (35) |
|
| Child age |
6-12 months |
20.2 (73)** |
9.9 (36)** |
3.6 (13)** |
7.2 (26)* |
| 13-24 months |
34.0 (211) |
25.6 (159) |
6.0 (37) |
4.7 (29) |
|
| 25-36 months |
52.9 (126) |
37.0 (88) |
19.7 (47) |
2.5 (6) |
|
|
a Presence of visible plaque |
No |
21.4 (105)** |
12.4 (61)** |
3.7 (18)** |
5.9 (29) |
| Yes |
41.7 (305) |
30.4 (222) |
10.8 (79) |
4.4 (32) |
|
| Illness episode |
Few |
35.1 (101) |
24.7 (71) |
4.5 (13)** |
6.6 (19) |
| |
Many |
33.1 (309) |
22.7 (212) |
9.0 (84) |
4.5 (42) |
| Birth weight |
less than 2500 gm |
36.0 (18) |
12.0 (6) |
22.0 (11)** |
2.0 (1) |
| Equal or more than 2500 gm |
33.0 (76) |
23.5 (54) |
7.4 (17) |
3.5 (8) |
|
| Mother’s perception on child size at birth |
Smaller |
42.2 (79)** |
31.0 (58)* |
12.3 (23)** |
3.2 (6) |
| Average |
31.5 (281) |
21.9 (195) |
6.4 (57) |
5.6 (50) |
|
| Larger |
35.0 (50) |
21.0 (30) |
11.9 (17) |
3.5 (5) |
|
| Breast feeding |
No |
43.0 (209)** |
31.5 (153)** |
13.4 (65)** |
2.7 (13)** |
| Yes |
27.3 (201) |
17.7 (130) |
4.4 (32) |
6.5 (48) |
|
| Mothers education |
No formal education |
34.0 (117) |
22.1 (76) |
9.3 (32) |
5.5 (19) |
| Completed primary and above |
33.4 (293) |
23.6 (207) |
7.4 (65) |
4.8 (42) |
|
| Mother’s age |
≤ 24 years |
31.8 (128) |
21.8 (88) |
6.9 (28) |
4.7 (19) |
| ≥25 years |
35.1 (277) |
24.1 (190) |
8.7 (69) |
5.3 (42) |
|
| Household assets index | 1st quartile-least poor |
27.8 (91)* |
19.3 (63) |
7.0 (23) |
4.0 (13) |
| 2nd quartile |
34.8 (106) |
24.3 (74) |
6.6 (20) |
5.9 (18) |
|
| 3rd quartile |
35.0 (106) |
25.4 (77) |
7.9 (24) |
5.0 (15) |
|
| 4th quartile- poorest | 37.4 (107) | 24.1 (69) | 10.5 (30) | 5.2 (15) | |
P<0.05, **P<0.01, a presence of visible plaque on upper anterior teeth.