Table IV.
Yields, phytochemical tests and molluscicidal activities of Solanum nigrum var. villosum fractions, after 24 and 48 hours exposure time, against Galba truncatula.
| Activity after 24 H exposure time |
Activity after 48 H exposure time |
Phytochemical tests |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Initial mass (mi) of extract (g) |
Solvant / pH | Mass (mg) |
Yields (%) |
LC50 (mg/L) (95% CI) |
LC90 (mg/L) (95% CI) |
LC50 (mg/L) (95% CI) |
LC90 (mg/L) (95% CI) |
Dragendorff | SbCl3 |
| EtOAc / acid medium | mA = 96 | 4.7 | inactive | inactive | inactive | inactive | – | – | |
| MeOH-H2O / Mature fruits mi = 2.02 |
EtOAc / alkali medium | mB = 20 | 1 | inactive | inactive | inactive | inactive | + | – |
| Butanol / alkali medium | mC = 288.2 | 14.25 | 15.54 (6.39; 37.75) |
28.30 (20.42; 39.23) |
14.29 (5.98; 34.10) |
27.37 (14.79; 50.66) |
– | ++ | |
| Aqueous lyophilized layer | mD = 1,440 | 71.28 | inactive | inactive | inactive | inactive | – | – | |
| EtOAc / acid medium | mA = 182.1 | 26.38 | inactive | inactive | inactive | inactive | – | – | |
| MeOH / Leaves mi = 0.69 |
EtOAc / alkali medium | mB = 3.6 | 0.52 | inactive | inactive | inactive | inactive | + | – |
| Butanol / alkali medium | mC = 73 | 10.57 | 12.59 (2.61; 60.59) |
22.76 (11.88; 43.59) |
13.64 (2.28; 81.47) |
24.36 (17.46; 34.00) |
– | ++ | |
| Aqueous lyophilized layer | mD = 340 | 49.27 | inactive | inactive | inactive | inactive | – | – | |
| EtOAc / acid medium | mA = 26.5 | 0.18 | inactive | inactive | inactive | inactive | – | – | |
| MeOH-H2O / Immatures fruits mi = 0.15 |
EtOAc / alkali medium | mB = 6.7 | 4.47 | inactive | inactive | inactive | inactive | + | – |
| Butanol / alkali medium | mC = 23.6 | 15.73 | 10.96 (1.31; 91.61) |
36.38 (19.32; 68.51) |
6.15 (0.10; 347.89) |
18.16 (2.83; 116.43) |
– | +++ | |
| Aqueous lyophilized layer | mD = 90 | 60 | inactive | inactive | inactive | inactive | – | – | |
| EtOAc / acid medium | mA = 81.8 | 12.58 | inactive | inactive | inactive | inactive | – | – | |
| EtOAc / alkali medium | mB = 11.1 | 1.7 |
2.56
(0.78; 8.46) |
7.56 (3.44; 16.61) |
1.65
(0.61; 4.45) |
4.77 (0.83; 27.45) |
+++ | – | |
| MeOH / Immatures fruits mi =0.65 |
Butanol / alkali medium | mC = 181.6 | 27.94 | 14.69 (4.09; 52.71)) |
48.07 (21.10; 109.51) |
7.91 (0.27; 234.79) |
26.20 (7.99; 85.86) |
– | +++ |
| Aqueous lyophilized layer | mD = 340.2 | 52.34 | 24.59 (1.13; 536.74) |
89.40 (5.44; 146.93) |
20.46 (3.11; 134.43) |
55.26 (17.89; 170.61) |
– | + | |
| Dechlorinated water | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
LC50: 50% lethal concentration; LC90: 90% lethal concentration; CI: confidence interval.
CuCl2 showed molluscicidal activity against the mollusca gastropoda Galba truncatula after 48 hours with LC50 = 26.12 (19.35; 31.69) mg/L and LC90 = 62.71 (49.83; 96.50) mg/L; and after 144 hours with LC50 = 6.20 (5.42; 6.94) mg/L and LC90 = 11.34 mg/L.