Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Subjects
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Number (male/female) | 39 (27/12) |
| Age (years) | 56±9.6 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.4±3.6 |
| DM duration (years) | 4.9±5.0 |
| Protein (g/dL) | 7.3±0.4 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 4.4±0.2 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.8±0.2 |
| Urinary albumin:creatinine ratio (μg/mg of creatinine) | 4.8±2.6 |
| HbA1c [% (mmol/mol)] | 6.3±0.3 (45±3) |
| Diabetes therapy | |
| No medication (n) | 9 |
| Oral antidiabetes agents (n)a | 26 |
| Insulin (n) | 4 |
| Glycemic biomarkers | |
| Fructosamine (μmol/L) | 276.9±22.1 |
| 1,5-AG (μg/mL) | 16.2±7.4 |
Data are mean±SD values.
a
Oral antidiabetes agents were as follows: sulfonylurea (n=1), metformin (n=6), sulfonylurea or meglitinide and metformin (n=9), thiazolidinediones and metformin (n=6), thiazolidinediones and sulfonylurea (n=2), metformin and acarbose (n=1), and metformin and vildagliptin (n=1).
1,5-AG, 1,5-anhydroglucitol; BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c.