Fig. 8.

Aminoguanidine (AG) protects against glyoxal-induced endothelial cell barrier dysfunction. BPAEC monolayers were cultured in complete MEM on gold electrodes and exposed to a MEM alone or MEM-containing glyoxal (1–5 mM), b MEM alone, MEM-containing AG HCl (3 mM), glyoxal (1 mM), or AG HCl (3 mM) + glyoxal (1 mM), and c MEM alone, MEM-containing AG nitrate (3 mM), glyoxal (1 mM), or AG nitrate (3 mM) + glyoxal (1 mM) for 10 h in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO₂–95% air at 37°C and the TER was measured continuously in an ECIS system as described under Materials and methods section. Inset I is a representative tracing of the normalized resistance values of three independent experiments conducted under identical conditions. Inset II is the graphical representation of the average normalized resistance values obtained from three independent determinations at specified time points. Values are represented as means ± SD from three independent determinations. * P < 0.05 versus MEM-treated control cells. ** P < 0.05 versus pharmacological agent-treated cells