Table 3.
Univariate analysis of demographics, anthropometric data, and causative organism for children with acute bacterial meningitis by HIV serostatus, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi, 1997--2010.
|
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| HIV Serostatus [n, (%)] |
|||
| HIV Seropositive (n = 560) |
HIV Seronegative (n = 960) |
p-value | |
| Age in Months (n = 1,517) | |||
| <6 | 86 (15.4) | 233 (24.3) | <0.0001 |
| 6-24 | 176 (31.5) | 346 (36.1) | 0.07 |
| 25-60 | 101 (18.1) | 116 (12.1) | 0.001 |
| ≥60 | 195 (35.0) | 264 (27.5) | 0.002 |
| Gender (n = 1,510) | |||
| Female | 281 (50.6) | 435 (45.6) | 0.06 |
| Male | 274 (49.4) | 520 (54.4) | |
| Nutritional Status (n = 1,372)a | |||
| Normal | 45 (8.9) | 169 (19.6) | <0.0001 |
| Underweight | 154 (40.3) | 354 (41.0) | 0.47 |
| Malnourished | 246 (28.7) | 202 (23.4) | 0.03 |
| Wasted | 104 (20.5) | 99 (11.5) | <0.0001 |
| Severely Wasted | 59 (11.6) | 40 (4.6) | <0.0001 |
| Anemia (Hb g/dL) (n = 1,276) | |||
| No anemia (≥11.0) | 52 (12.0) | 161 (19.1) | 0.001 |
| Mild anemia (8.0--10.9) | 195 (44.9) | 348 (41.3) | 0.22 |
| Moderate/severe anemia (<8.0) | 187 (43.1) | 333 (39.6) | 0.23 |
| Malaria Infection (n = 1,499) | |||
| Absent | 514 (93.3) | 842 (88.8) | 0.005 |
| Present | 37 (6.7) | 106 (11.2) | |
| Causative Organism (n = 1,514) | |||
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | 356 (64.0) | 412 (43.0) | <0.0001 |
| Haemophilus influenzae type b | 61 (11.0) | 210 (21.9) | <0.0001 |
| Neisseria meningitidis | 7 (1.3) | 58 (6.1) | <0.0001 |
| Salmonella spp | 37 (6.7) | 77 (8.0) | 0.36 |
| Other | 24 (4.3) | 51 (5.3) | 0.39 |
| No Growth/NOS | 71 (12.8) | 150 (15.7) | 0.12 |
| Level of Consciousness (n = 1,513) | |||
| Fully Conscious (BCS = 5) | 164 (29.5) | 366 (38.2) | 0.0006 |
| Impaired Consciousness (BCS 3--4) | 170 (30.6) | 259 (27.1) | 0.14 |
| Coma (BCS <2) | 222 (39.9) | 332 (34.7) | 0.04 |
|
Median Duration of Hospital Stay
(days, IQR) (n = 1,507) |
11 (2--11) | 11 (6--11) | 0.01b |
|
Median Duration of Fever before
Presentation (days, IQR) (n = 1,446) |
3 (2--4) | 3 (2--5) | 0.0002b |
a
Nutritional status only assessed in children ≤10 years.
b
p-value determined using Mann-Whitney U test.