Table 2.
The univariate analysis of the association between socio-demographics and malaria-affected households (n = 313)
| Categorical variables | No. (%) of malaria-affected households (n = 70) | No. (%) of malaria-unaffected households (n = 243) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender |
|
|
0.032* |
| Male |
29 (41.4) |
66 (27.2) |
|
| Female |
41 (58.6) |
177 (72.8) |
|
| Median years of age (25th, 75th percentiles) |
45 (33,53) |
42 (32,53) |
|
| Age group (years) |
|
|
0.209 |
| 18-25 |
9 (12.8) |
19 (7.8) |
|
| 26-60 |
55 (78.6) |
188 (77.4) |
|
| >60 |
6 (8.6) |
36 (14.8) |
|
| Marital status |
|
|
0.892 |
| Single |
5 (7.1) |
16 (6.6) |
|
| Living with partner |
51 (72.9) |
172 (70.8) |
|
| Divorced/widowed/separated |
14 (20.0) |
55 (22.6) |
|
| Education level |
|
|
0.068 |
| Not educateda |
17 (25.4) |
37 (15.7) |
|
| Primary (4–6 years of schooling) |
43 (64.2) |
152 (64.4) |
|
| Upper than primary |
7 (10.4) |
47 (19.9) |
|
| Occupationb |
|
|
< 0.001** |
| Rubber farmer/tapper |
35 (50.0) |
150 (61.7) |
|
| Daily worker |
25 (35.7) |
36 (14.8) |
|
| Other occupations |
10 (14.3) |
57 (23.5) |
|
| Residency status |
|
|
0.002* |
| Native Thai villager |
49 (70.0) |
211 (86.8) |
|
| Non-native Thai villagerc |
21 (30.0) |
32 (13.2) |
|
| Person having role in malaria prevention |
|
|
0.761 |
| Health personnel/village health volunteer |
47 (67.2) |
152 (62.5) |
|
| Family head/member |
11 (15.7) |
49 (20.2) |
|
| Local authority/village leader |
7 (10.0) |
20 (8.2) |
|
| Do not know |
5 (7.1) |
22 (9.1) |
|
| Perceived burden of malariad |
|
|
0.032* |
| Yes |
62 (88.6) |
184 (75.7) |
|
| No | 8 (11.4) | 59 (24.3) |
aOf the 54, 20 native Thais and 34 non-native Thai villagersc that were born either in Myanmar or Thailand. The majority were able to read and write.
bTwo major occupational groups: rubber farmers/tappers (i.e., having private-owned smallholdings of rubber plantations in which they tapped the rubber trees and processed rubber sheets) and daily workers (i.e., earning daily income by performing labor activities mostly in agriculture such as rubber tapping and rubber sheet processing at the smallholdings of rubber plantations). The others included students, government employees and so on.
dResulting survey responses: “Yes” referred to any person (labeled as MV) who identified malaria as one of top five public health problems affecting their family or the village community, as for “No” any person (labeled as non-MVs) who did not recognize malaria as a public health problem.
Statistically significant with *Yates corrected χ2 test (P < 0.05), or **Pearson’s χ2 test (P < 0.05), for two-independent samples.