Figure 5. β-galactosidase and β-lactamase activities and expression measurements.

A) and B) β-galactosidase activities for hilA and prgH promoter fusions from overnight LB culture are slightly reduced for scsABCD mutant in the presence of CuCl₂. C) and D) β-galactosidase activities for hilA and prgH promoter fusions from 4 hrs DMEM-based invasive culture are unaffected irrespective of scsABCD mutation. β-lactamase activities from supernatants and cell lysates of the invasive cultures of wild type and in ΔscsABCD mutant bacteria in the absence (E) and presence (F) of CuCl₂. G) β-lactamase as assayed from the same cultures by immunoblotting for β-lactamase. ns = non-significant; ** = p≤0.01; *** = p≤0.001. Error bars indicate standard error of the mean.