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Figure 1. Cross-species regulation of gene expression through miRNAs. (A) Plant miRNAs (e.g., MIR168a) regulate gene expression in mammals.8 (B) Human miRNAs (e.g., miR-451) affect malaria parasite biology and survival.9 (C) Viral miRNAs (e.g., KSHV-miR-K12-11) regulate host gene expression,16-23 and host miRNAs (e.g., miR-122) regulate viral gene expression.24-27
