Table 4.

Characteristics of currently uninsured individuals expected to be income eligible for Medicaid and current Medicaid enrollees, both with household incomes less than 138% of the federal poverty level, by substance use disorder status^a

	Uninsured and future income eligible					Currently enrolled in Medicaidb
	Substance use disorderc		No Substance use disorder			Substance use disorderc		No substance use disorder			p for comparison of those with substance use disorders
Characteristic	N (N=837)	%	N (N=4,212)	%	p	N (N=496)	%	N (N=3,313)	%	p
Age					<.01					.17	.12
20–25	568	29.1	2,309	19.6		268	23.5	1,792	20.4
26–34	139	27.6	807	24.9		123	33.5	704	28.9
35–49	112	32.3	867	36.3		89	32.5	639	34.6
50–64	18	11.0	229	19.2		16	10.5	178	16.2
Female	299	28.2	2,415	56.3	<.01	328	57.1	2,676	74.2	<.01	<.01
Childless	564	60.1	2,205	51.8	.03	189	45.7	870	33.0	<.01	<.01
Employed	501	65.4	2,412	54.2	<.01	188	35.7	1,382	37.9	.49	<.01
Married	145	29.9	1,350	41.9	<.01	78	16.6	836	30.5	1.01	.01
Education					.15					.97	.32
Less than high school	366	47.5	1,621	40.8		205	40.7	1,172	40.5
High school	251	29.4	1,476	34.9		175	36.1	1,405	36.8
Some college	220	23.1	1,115	24.3		116	23.2	736	22.6
Fair or poor health status	154	24.2	596	18.9	.09	106	24.7	614	27.5	.40	.91
Tobacco use in past month	650	76.0	1,712	39.1	<.01	378	72.1	1,451	42.1	<.01	.50
Substance dependenced	520	63.4	0	—		348	71.6	0	—		.08
Substance abuse	317	36.6	0	—		148	28.4	0	—
Serious psychological distress	291	28.8	615	11.5	<.01	217	41.1	675	21.9	<.01	<.01
Any emergency room use in past year	369	42.2	1,481	33.6	<.01	279	56.3	1,679	50.8	.18	<.01
Any inpatient use in past year	96	10.8	408	9.4	.44	105	20.8	703	19.6	.76	<.01

^aSource: National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2008–2009. Ns are unweighted and percentages are weighted to make estimates representative of the noninstitutionalized population. The income eligibility threshold reflects 133% of the federal poverty level provided in the ACA plus a 5% income “disregard” allowed by the law.

^bIndividuals reporting both Medicare and Medicaid coverage were not included as current Medicaid enrollees.

^cIncludes both alcohol and illicit drug abuse or dependence

^dIndividuals with symptoms of both dependence and abuse were coded as dependent.