Table 1.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics.
| Characteristic |
Event-
free N=1075 |
Death/
MI N=179 |
p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | N | % | ||
| Intervention | 570 | 53.0 | 84 | 46.9 | 0.13 |
| Demographic characteristics | |||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
| Age | 59.0 | 12.1 | 64.1 | 11.7 | <0.001 |
| N | % | N | % | ||
| Male gender | 575 | 53.5 | 88 | 49.2 | 0.28 |
| Caucasian | 727 | 67.6 | 118 | 65.9 | 0.65 |
| Education≥12 years | 781 | 74.1 | 117 | 68.0 | 0.10 |
| History of depression | 817 | 77.4 | 128 | 71.9 | 0.11 |
| Medical characteristics | |||||
| N | % | N | % | ||
| Hypertension | 622 | 58.6 | 118 | 68.2 | 0.02 |
| High cholesterol | 623 | 62.9 | 118 | 69.8 | 0.08 |
| Diabetes | 320 | 30.0 | 87 | 48.9 | <0.001 |
| Renal insufficiency | 69 | 6.5 | 38 | 22.0 | <0.001 |
| Smoking history | 698 | 65.6 | 119 | 67.6 | 0.60 |
| LVEF≤40 | 191 | 21.7 | 60 | 42.0 | <0.001 |
| Killip II-III-IV | 199 | 20.2 | 59 | 37.3 | <0.001 |
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
| BMI | 29.2 | 6.0 | 28.1 | 5.7 | 0.02 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.07 | 0.6 | 1.43 | 1.1 | <0.001 |
| N | % | N | % | ||
| history of pulmonary disease | 180 | 16.9 | 50 | 28.4 | <0.001 |
| Prior MI | 237 | 22.4 | 72 | 41.9 | <0.001 |
| History of CHF | 99 | 9.7 | 44 | 27.0 | <0.001 |
| prior TIA or stroke | 75 | 7.1 | 31 | 17.9 | <0.001 |
| Prior CABG | 105 | 9.8 | 39 | 22.2 | <0.001 |
| Prior PTCA | 144 | 13.6 | 35 | 20.2 | 0.02 |
| Prior peripheral vascular disease | 115 | 10.9 | 40 | 23.1 | <0.001 |
| Treatment of index MI | |||||
| N | % | N | % | ||
| Thrombolytic therapy | 398 | 37.6 | 58 | 32.8 | 0.22 |
| CABG | 191 | 18.2 | 28 | 16.3 | 0.53 |
| PTCA | 547 | 51.5 | 66 | 38.2 | 0.001 |
| Medications | |||||
| ACE inhibitors | 455 | 44.3 | 94 | 55.6 | 0.01 |
| Vasodilators (non-ACE) | 405 | 39.7 | 83 | 49.7 | 0.02 |
| anticoagulants | 191 | 18.9 | 46 | 27.4 | 0.01 |
| aspirin | 925 | 88.4 | 141 | 82.5 | 0.03 |
| Beta-blockers | 793 | 76.2 | 116 | 69.0 | 0.05 |
| Lipid-lowering drugs | 469 | 45.7 | 79 | 47.6 | 0.65 |
| Antidepressant medication use at baseline |
89 | 8.3 | 9 | 5.0 | 0.13 |
| Antidepressant medication use during follow-up |
289 | 26.9 | 47 | 26.3 | 0.86 |
ACE=angiotensin-converting enzyme; BMI= body mass index; CABG= coronary artery bypass graft; CHF= congestive heart failure; LVEF= left ventricular ejection fraction; MI= myocardial infarction; PTCA= percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; SD= standard deviation; TIA= transient ischemic attack.