Table 2.
Maternal Characteristics at the Time of Birth
| Variable | fMRI sample | DTI sample | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CON (N=23)a |
PCE (N=33)a |
p Valueb |
CON (N=31)a |
PCE (N=42)a |
p Valueb |
|
| Age, M (SD) | 26.3 (5.2) | 28.2 (4.3) | .138 | 26.2 (5.1) | 28.4 (4.2) | .051 |
| Education, No. (%) (NfMRI=51, NDTI=68) |
.006 | .014 | ||||
| High school not completed | 2 (9.1) | 13 (44.8) | 5 (16.7) | 17 (44.7) | ||
| High school graduate or more | 20 (90.9) | 16 (55.2) | 25 (83.3) | 21 (55.3) | ||
| Monthly income, No. (%) (NfMRI=51, NDTI=68) |
.773 | .457 | ||||
| ≤$600 | 20 (90.9) | 27 (93.1) | 27 (90.0) | 36 (94.7) | ||
| >$600 | 2 (9.1) | 2 (6.9) | 3 (10.0) | 2 (5.3) | ||
| Marital status, No. (%) | .179 | .123 | ||||
| Married | 6 (26.1) | 4 (12.1) | 9 (29.0) | 6 (14.3) | ||
| Single, divorced, separated, widowed | 17 (73.9) | 29 (87.9) | 22 (71.0) | 36 (85.7) | ||
| Other substance use in pregnancy, M (SD) | ||||||
| Tobacco - cigarettes/week (NfMRI=52, NDTI=69) |
9.1 (32.0) | 61.1 (50.1) | .000 | 8.1 (27.9) | 58.6 (51.3) | .000 |
| Alcohol - oz. of absolute alcohol/week (NfMRI=54, NDTI=72) |
0.0 (0.1) | 1.0 (1.8) | .004 | 0.0 (0.1) | 1.1 (1.8) | .002 |
| Marijuana - joints/week (NfMRI=54, NDTI=71) |
0.0 (0.0) | 1.3 (2.9) | .016 | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.3 (2.7) | .012 |
a
If data for a variable are not available for some participants, the N used for the analysis is noted next to the variable name.
b
Chi-square analyses completed for categorical variables; Independent sample t tests completed for continuous variables.
CON: control, PCE: prenatal cocaine exposure