Table 2.
Prevalence (%) of mood disorders among persons with vs. without diabetes* (adjusted for age and gender)
| Major depression |
Dysthymia |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country | No diabetes | Diabetes | OR (95% CI) | No diabetes | Diabetes | OR (CI) |
| Colombia | 6.1 | 8.1 | 1.3 (0.7, 2.5) | 1.0 | 1.8 | 1.5 (0.3, 8.0) |
| Mexico | 3.9 | 9.0 | 2.2 (1.4, 3.6)* | 0.9 | 1.6 | 1.5 (0.5, 5.1) |
| United States | 8.3 | 8.3 | 1.3 (0.8, 2.0) | 2.2 | 3.5 | 1.7 (1.0, 2.9) |
| Japan | 2.2 | 3.2 | 1.4 (0.5, 4.5) | 0.6 | 2.1 | 1.7 (0.3, 8.5) |
| PRC | ||||||
| Beijing | 2.4 | 3.1 | 1.6 (0.2, 12.3) | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.8 (0.1, 7.4) |
| Shanghai | 1.7 | 1.5 | 0.8 (0.1, 7.7) | 0.4 | 0.0 | – (–, –) |
| New Zealand | 6.7 | 5.5 | 1.4 (0.9, 2.1) | 1.8 | 2.2 | 1.5 (0.9, 2.6) |
| Belgium | 5.7 | 2.9 | 0.6 (0.1, 3.0) | 1.3 | 0.8 | 0.4 (0.1, 3.8) |
| France | 6.1 | 6.4 | 1.8 (0.6, 5.0) | 1.6 | 1.5 | 0.9 (0.1, 5.3) |
| Germany | 3.0 | 5.4 | 3.1 (1.1, 8.8)* | 0.9 | 1.8 | 1.4 (0.2, 8.6) |
| Italy | 3.0 | 6.0 | 1.9 (0.7, 5.4) | 1.1 | 0.6 | 0.3 (0.0, 2.9) |
| Netherlands | 5.4 | 3.3 | 0.9 (0.3, 2.5) | 1.8 | 1.1 | 1.0 (0.2, 6.1) |
| Spain | 4.1 | 3.8 | 0.9 (0.4, 1.7) | 1.3 | 2.2 | 1.3 (0.6, 2.9) |
| Ukraine | 9.2 | 19.5 | 1.5 (0.7, 3.2) | 4.1 | 7.3 | 0.9 (0.4, 2.3) |
| Lebanon | 1.7 | 3.1 | 3.2 (0.6, 16.0) | 0.6 | 2.3 | 4.8 (0.6, 39.5) |
| Nigeria | 1.1 | 0.0 | – (–, –) | 0.2 | 0.0 | – (–, –) |
| Israel | 5.9 | 7.5 | 1.3 (0.9, 2.0) | 1.3 | 1.0 | 0.6 (0.2, 1.7) |
| South Africa | 4.9 | 4.3 | 0.8 (0.4, 1.6) | 0.1 | 0.0 | NE |
| Pooled odds ratio | – | – | 1.4 (1.2, 1.6)* | – | – | 1.3 (1.0, 1.7) |
Odds ratio not listed if fewer than 25 respondents have diabetes.
“–” means information unavailable.
NE means nonestimable.
*
Sample restricted to Part II of World Mental Health Surveys.