Table 1.
Description of the whole study cohort at inclusion.
| All (n = 477) |
Non-organ failure (n = 318) |
Organ failure (n = 159) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Predisposition | |||
| Age | 53.1 ± 0.5 | 53.6 ± 0.72 | 52.0 ± 0.7 |
| Gender (M/F) | 322/153 | 203/113 | 119/40* |
| Aetiology of cirrhosis | 354 (74%) | 239 (75%) | |
| Alcohol | 92 (19%) | 52 (16%) | 115 (72%) |
| Hepatitis B/C | 31 (7%) | 27 (8%) | 40 (24%) |
| Others | 4 (3%) | ||
| INR | 1.70 ± 0.03 | 1.67 ± 0.05 | 1.76 ± 0.04 |
| Bilirubin (umol/l) | 156.9 ± 8.5 | 98.9 ± 7.2 | 273.5 ± 17.9*** |
| Albumin (g/L) | 28.7 ± 0.6 | 30.0 ± 0.8 | 25.8 ± 0.5*** |
| Creatinine (umol/L) | 110.4 ± 4.0 | 93.4 ± 1.2 | 146.8 ± 11.7*** |
| Child-Pugh score | 10.7 ± 0.1 | 10.3 ± 0.4 | 11.2 ± 0.2*** |
| MELD score | 12.3 ± 0.4 | 10.5 ± 0.1 | 16.4 ± 0.8*** |
| ALT (U/L) | 69.4 ± 8.0 | ||
| Haemoglobin (g/dL) | 10.4 ± 0.8 | ||
| Platelets (x109/L) | 111.5 ± 6.1 | ||
| Heart rate (/min) | 96 ± 1.6 | ||
| Body temperature (°C) | 36.8 ± 0.1 | ||
| Previous decompensation | |||
| Ascites | 52 (32) | ||
| Variceal bleed | 36 (22) | ||
| Hepatic encephalopathy | 22 (14) | ||
| Jaundice | 47 (29) | ||
| Precipitating event (I) | |||
| Infection | 171 (54) | 76 (47) | |
| Variceal bleed | 108 (32) | 46 (28) | |
| Alcohol binge | 127 (40) | 76 (47) | |
| Others | 48 (16) | 25 (16) | |
| Response (R) | |||
| SIRS | - | 71 (45) | |
| CRP | 31.2 ± 5.4 | 56.4 ± 3.3*** | |
| Infection | - | 50 (31) | |
| Organ failure (O) | None (0) | All (159) | |
| APACHE II | - | 13.5 ± 0.6 | |
| SOFA | - | 8.3 ± 0.8 | |
| MARS therapy | 0 (0) | 43 (27) | |
| In-hospital mortality | 118/477 (25) | 25/318 (8) | 93/159 (58)*** |
Data expressed as mean (SEM). *P < 0.05 compared to non-organ failure group. **P < 0.01 compared to non-organ failure group. ***P < 0.001 compared to non-organ failure group. ALT, alanine aminotranferase; APACHE II, Acute Physiology, Age and Chronic Health Evaluation; CRP, C-reactive protein; INR, international normalised ratio; MARS, molecular adsorbent recirculating system; MELD, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease; SIRS, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome; SOFA, Sepsis Organ Failure Assessment.