Table 4.
Changes in function and symptom scores on European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30
| 4 weeks | 6 months | 12 months | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean preop. score | Mean change from preop. | Adjusted mean difference (laparoscopic – open) | Mean change from preop. | Adjusted mean difference (laparoscopic – open) | Mean change from preop. | Adjusted mean difference (laparoscopic – open) | |
| Global quality of life* | |||||||
| Laparoscopic | 72·8 (70·2, 75·3) | −14.8 | 0·3 (−4·7, 5·3) | −1.9 | −2·2 (−6·8, 2·4) | 2.1 | −1·8 (−6·1, 2·4) |
| Open | 68·6 (64·7, 72·6) | −11.9 | 3.0 | 6.3 | |||
| Physical function* | |||||||
| Laparoscopic | 88·7 (86·8, 90·6) | −21.6 | 0·2 (−4·8, 5·1) | −6.7 | −0·5 (−3·8, 2·8) | −3.4 | 0 (−3·1, 3·0) |
| Open | 88·8 (86·0, 91·5) | −21.6 | −6.0 | −3.3 | |||
| Role function* | |||||||
| Laparoscopic | 80·9 (77·5, 84·4) | −34.9 | −1·7 (−9·0, 5·6) | −4.9 | 1·7 (−4·4, 7·6) | −0.8 | −0·9 (−6·4, 4·6) |
| Open | 81·9 (76·8, 87·0) | −33.7 | −7.7 | 0.6 | |||
| Emotional function* | |||||||
| Laparoscopic | 77·2 (74·4, 80·0) | −2.5 | −1·7 (−6·5, 3·0) | 6.1 | −2·4 (−6·4, 1·6) | 7.1 | −2·7 (−7·1, 1·6) |
| Open | 74·2 (70·1, 78·3) | 1.2 | 10.2 | 12.0 | |||
| Cognitive function* | |||||||
| Laparoscopic | 88·9 (86·8, 91·0) | −8.4 | −1·2 (−6·2, 3·7) | −0.8 | 3·5 (−0·1, 7·1) | −1.2 | 0 (−3·9, 3·8) |
| Open | 89·3 (86·5, 92·0) | −7.1 | −4.2 | −0.8 | |||
| Social function* | |||||||
| Laparoscopic | 87·0 (84·4, 89·5) | −22.4 | −0·4 (−7·0, 6·2) | −8.1 | 0 (−5·5, 5·5) | −3.1 | 0·7 (−4·7, 6·1) |
| Open | 84·4 (80·4, 88·5) | −20.7 | −7.1 | −2.4 | |||
| Fatigue† | |||||||
| Laparoscopic | 22·8 (19·8, 25·7) | 25.0 | 2·1 (−3·8, 8·0) | 5.2 | −1·0 (−6·1, 4·0) | 0.5 | −0·1 (−4·5, 4·3) |
| Open | 25·8 (21·9, 29·6) | 21.0 | 4.7 | −1.6 | |||
| Nausea and vomiting† | |||||||
| Laparoscopic | 4·9 (3·3, 6·5) | 2.7 | −2·8 (−6·5, 1·0) | −1.4 | −1·0 (−3·8, 1·9) | −2.6 | 1·2 (−0·6, 2·9) |
| Open | 4·1 (2·4, 5·9) | 6.0 | 0.4 | −3.3 | |||
| Pain† | |||||||
| Laparoscopic | 14·3 (11·6, 17·1) | 18.5 | −0·1 (−6·5, 6·3) | 2.3 | 1·8 (−3·1, 6·8) | 0.3 | 0·1 (−4·3, 4·4) |
| Open | 13·9 (9·9, 17·9) | 18.5 | 0.4 | −1.1 | |||
| Dyspnoea† | |||||||
| Laparoscopic | 10·8 (8·4, 13·2) | 10.0 | −0·1 (−6·3, 6·1) | 5.6 | 2·5 (−2·3, 7·3) | 3.5 | 3·0 (−1·6, 7·7) |
| Open | 12·8 (8·2, 17·3) | 9.4 | 1.8 | −0.8 | |||
| Insomnia† | |||||||
| Laparoscopic | 26·1 (22·5, 29·8) | 4.5 | −3·9 (−10·9, 3·0) | −5.0 | 0·7 (−4·8, 6·3) | −6.4 | 2·3 (−2·9, 7·5) |
| Open | 26·8 (21·6, 32·0) | 8.1 | −5.8 | −9.8 | |||
| Appetite loss† | |||||||
| Laparoscopic | 9·7 (7·0, 12·5) | 17.1 | −4·3 (−11·7, 3·2) | −2.3 | −2·0 (−6·7, 2·8) | −3.9 | 1·8 (−1·8, 5·4) |
| Open | 10·3 (6·3, 14·2) | 21.1 | −0.4 | −6.6 | |||
| Constipation† | |||||||
| Laparoscopic | 12·8 (9·7, 16·0) | −2.4 | −0·7 (−5·9, 4·5) | −4.5 | −0·8 (−5·3, 3·6) | −5.1 | 0·3 (−4·1, 4·7) |
| Open | 9·3 (5·2, 13·4) | 1.0 | 1.1 | −1.6 | |||
| Diarrhoea† | |||||||
| Laparoscopic | 27·1 (23·0, 31·2) | −11.0 | 2·5 (−3·5, 8·6) | −8.1 | 1·6 (−4·9, 8·1) | −7.9 | 6·0 (−0·4, 12·4) |
| Open | 30·5 (24·2, 36·9) | −17.9 | −15.1 | −18.4 | |||
| Financial difficulties† | |||||||
| Laparoscopic | 6·7 (4·0, 9·4) | 4.4 | −1·2 (−6·0, 3·7) | 2.0 | −0·4 (−5·1, 4·3) | −1.3 | −2·1(−5·7, 1·6) |
| Open | 4·7 (1·5, 7·8) | 6.2 | 3.1 | 2.1 | |||
Values in parentheses are 95 per cent confidence intervals.
*
A high value is positive to the patient;
†
a high value is negative to the patient.