Table 1.

Tests used to define neurocognitive dysfunction

Domain	Measure	Source	Description
Working memory	Digit span	Age-appropriate Wechsler intelligence scale [32,33]	Ability to repeat back in order, or in a re-sequenced order, increasingly difficult strings of numbers
	Letter-number sequencing	Age-appropriate Wechsler intelligence scale [32,33]	Ability to mentally re-sequence a series of letters and numbers before repeating them back
Psychomotor speed	Coding	Age-appropriate Wechsler intelligence scale [32,33]	Test-takers decode and transcribe a series of symbols as quickly as possible
	Symbol search	Age-appropriate Wechsler intelligence scale [32,33]	Score reflects speed and accuracy of test-takers' visual searches for matches in rows of symbols
Attention	Hit reaction time standard error	Conners' continuous performance test II [34]	On a 15-minute-long boring task, the variability in reaction time to specific letters flashing on screen
	Inhibition vs. color naming score	Delis-Kaplan executive functioning system [35]	Relative ability to focus on the color of the ink in which a conflicting color word is printed (for example, 'blue' written in red ink).
Visuoconstructional abilities	Block design	Wechsler abbreviated scales of intelligence [36]	Ability to efficiently reproduce colored line drawings using blocks with sides that have varying patterns
	Block counting	Kaufman assessment battery for children [37,38]	Ability to mentally represent the volume of a three-dimensional block construction printed in two-dimensional space