Table 1.
Comparison of the Immunogenicity (Geometric Mean Concentration [GMC] and Seroconversion) of Rotarix among Countries by Income Status
| Study location | Sample size | Study ID | GMC 1 to 2 months after second dose,a U/mL (95% CI) | Seroconversion,b % (95% CI) | GNI, US$ per capita |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low-income countries | |||||
| All, mean value | … | … | 67.3 | 63 | … |
| Bangladesh | 66 | 103992 | 75.3 (47.5–119.4) | 66.7 (54.0–77.8) | 480 |
| India | 115 | 103792 | 49.2 (36.2–66.8) | 58.3 (48.7–67.4) | 820 |
| Vietnam | 128 | 105722 | 77.4 (55.2–108.6) | 63.3 (54.3–71.6) | 690 |
| Lower-middle–income countries | |||||
| All, mean value | … | … | 90.6 | 75 | … |
| Colombia | 40 | 444563/023 | 88.7 (53.1–148.2) | 75 (58.8–87.3) | 2740 |
| Dominican Republic | 40 | 444563/023 | 42.3 (27.2–65.8) | 62.5 (45.8–77.3) | 2850 |
| Honduras | 38 | 444563/023 | 122.4 (71.5–209.6) | 84.2 (68.7–94.0) | 1200 |
| Peru | 45 | 444563/023 | 65.8 (38.3–112.8) | 66.7 (51.0–80.0) | 2920 |
| Philippines | 76 | 101555 | 89.7 (62.3–129.1) | 78.9 (68.1–87.5) | 1420 |
| Thailand | 157 | 103477 | 134.4 (104.5–172.9) | 84.7 (78.1–90.0) | 2990 |
| Upper-middle–income countries | |||||
| All, mean value | … | … | 106.6 | 72 | … |
| Argentina | 46 | 444563/023 | 142.2 (83.9–241.1) | 76.1 (61.2–87.4) | 5150 |
| Brazil | 35 | 444563/023 | 117.3 (68.7–200.4) | 85.7 (69.7–95.2) | 4730 |
| Mexico | 48 | 444563/023 | 175.1 (106.5–288.1) | 89.6 (77.3–96.5) | 7870 |
| Panama | 434 | 107077 | 111.7 (93.5–133.4) | 73.5 (69.1–77.6) | 4890 |
| South Africa | 131 | 444563/013 | 29.3 (23.0–37.3) | 44.3 (35.6–53.2) | 5390 |
| Venezuela | 40 | 444563/023 | 63.7 (34.9–116.4) | 62.5 (45.8–77.3) | 6070 |
| High-income countries | |||||
| All, mean value | … | … | 205.6 | 86 | … |
| Czech Republic | 182 | 102247 | 152.5 (118.9–195.4) | 84.6 (78.5–89.5) | 12,680 |
| Finland | 252 | 107876 | 331.8 (265.0–415.4) | 90.5 (86.2–93.8) | 40,650 |
| France | 83 | 102247 | 181.8 (126.4–261.6) | 84.3 (74.7–91.4) | 36,550 |
| Germany | 156 | 102247 | 166.0 (126.0–218.9) | 82.1 (75.1–87.7) | 36,620 |
| Hong Kong | 40 | 444563/028 | 314.6 (215.1–460.1) | 97.5 (86.8–99.9) | 31,610 |
| Republic of Korea | 48 | 103478 | 73.2 (44.5–120.3) | 66.7 (51.6–79.6) | 17,690 |
| Singapore | 40 | 444563/028 | 368.5 (231.0–588.0) | 97.5 (86.8–99.9) | 29,320 |
| Spain | 186 | 102247 | 156.3 (123.4–198.0) | 85.5 (79.6–90.2) | 27,570 |
| Taiwan | 35 | 444563/028 | 105.8 (67.4–166.2) | 85.7 (69.7–95.2) | 17,230 |
NOTE. Data were obtained from GlaxoSmithKline [7]. Rotarix contains 1 × 106.5 cell culture infective dose. The gross national index (GNI; as reported by the United Nations Children’s Fund) was <US$975 in low-income countries, US$976–3855 in lower-middle–income countries, US$3856–11,905 in upper-middle–income countries, and >US$11,906 in high-income countries. CI, confidence interval.
a
Serum rotavirus IgA antibody concentrations 1–2 months after dose 2.
b
Defined as a GMC >20 U/mL.