Table 2.
Baseline electrocardiographic findings by Novacode and Minnesota Code criteria and outcomes during average 17-year follow-up
| Characteristics | Total (n = 4,988) |
Prevalent CVD Group |
CVD-Free Group |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women (n = 561) |
Men (n = 552) |
p Value* | Women (n = 2,416) |
Men (n = 1,459) |
p Value* | ||
| Age (years) | 73 ±6 | 74±6 | 74± 6 | 0.5846 | 72 ±5 | 73± 6 | 0.0001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27 ±5 | 27±5 | 27± 4 | 0.0414 | 27 ±5 | 26± 4 | 0.0364 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 136 ± 22 | 141 ± 24 | 135 ± 21 | <0.0001 | 136 ± 22 | 135 ± 21 | 0.5097 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 71 ± 11 | 69 ± 12 | 71 ± 11 | 0.0416 | 70 ± 11 | 73 ± 11 | <0.0001 |
| African-American | 15.4% | 20.7% | 10.0% | <0.0001 | 15.7% | 14.9% | 0.5563 |
| Current smoking | 12.2% | 13.0% | 9.1% | <0.0001 | 12.8% | 12.0% | <0.0001 |
| Hypertension | 57.8% | 72.7% | 61.4% | <0.0001 | 56.4% | 52.9% | 0.0356 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 15.6% | 20.6% | 25.5% | 0.0542 | 12.2% | 15.5% | 0.0030 |
| Total mortality | 64.9% | 73.8% | 83.3% | 0.0001 | 56.5% | 68.3% | <0.0001 |
| Coronary heart disease death | 15.6% | 22.1% | 29.7% | 0.0037 | 10.6% | 16.2% | <0.0001 |
| Incident coronary heart disease† | 32.6% | 28.9% | 38.6% | <0.0001 | |||
| Myocardial infarction/ischemia by Novacode/Minnesota Code‡ | |||||||
| Myocardial infarction by Novacode/Minnesota Code | 8.9% | 35.7% | 44.0% | 0.0043 | |||
| Major Q wave by Novacode/Minnesota Code | 6.7% | 24.2% | 35.7% | <0.0001 | |||
| Major ST-T change by Novacode/Minnesota Code | 15.2% | 35.1% | 29.4% | 0.0396 | 10.7% | 9.7% | 0.3484 |
| Major Q/ST-T change by Novacode/Minnesota Code | 20.2% | 52.6% | 56.5% | 0.2085 | 10.7% | 9.7% | 0.3484 |
| Major Q/ST-T change by Novacode‡ | |||||||
| Myocardial infarction by Novacode | 6.3% | 23.5% | 33.0% | 0.0005 | |||
| Major Q wave by Novacode | 4.1% | 13.4% | 23.0% | <0.0001 | |||
| Major ST-T change by Novacode | 14.4% | 33.7% | 28.8% | 0.0789 | 9.6% | 9.5% | 0.9160 |
| Major Q/ST-T change by Novacode | 17.5% | 43.5% | 47.1% | 0.2271 | 9.6% | 9.5% | 0.9160 |
| Major Q/ST-T change by Minnesota Code‡ | |||||||
| Myocardial infarction by Minnesota Code | 7.8% | 31.2% | 39.0% | 0.0067 | |||
| Major Q wave by Minnesota Code | 6.4% | 23.7% | 33.7% | 0.0002 | |||
| Major ST-T change by Minnesota Code | 12.2% | 28.9% | 22.8% | 0.0212 | 8.9% | 7.2% | 0.0564 |
| Major Q/ST-T change by Minnesota Code | 17.8% | 49.0% | 52.5% | 0.2411 | 8.9% | 7.2% | 0.0564 |
*
Between men and women in baseline groups with and without cardiovascular disease.
†
Incident coronary heart disease includes fatal and nonfatal coronary heart disease as myocardial infarction, coronary death, hospitalized angina pectoris, and coronary revascularization.
‡
See Table 1 for criteria of electrocardiographic myocardial infarction and major Q/ST-T change.