Table 3.
Associations between patient characteristics and parasitic infection for children aged 5 years and below with diarrhoea in a study of intestinal parasites in urban poor, Nairobi, January 2010 to December 2011
|
Patient characteristics |
Cryptosporidium spp. (%) |
Crude |
Adjusted |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95%CI | p-value | AOR | 95%CI | p-value | |||
| Total |
187/2112(8.9) |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
| Gender | ||||||||
| Male (ref) |
99/1116(8.9) |
1.0 |
- |
- |
1.0 |
- |
- |
|
| Female |
88/996(8.8) |
0.99 |
0.74,1.34 |
0.977 |
1.03 |
0.75,1.42 |
0.864 |
|
| Age group1 | ||||||||
| 0 to 12 months (ref) |
76/758(10) |
1.0 |
- |
- |
1.0 |
- |
- |
|
| 13 to 24 months |
75/528(14.2) |
1.49 |
1.06,2.09 |
0.023* |
1.90 |
1.31,2.75 |
0.001* |
|
| 25 to 36 months |
23/408(5.6) |
0.54 |
0.33,0.87 |
0.011* |
0.89 |
0.52,1.52 |
0.681 |
|
| 37 to 48 months |
6/241(2.5) |
0.23 |
0.98,0.53 |
0.001* |
0.39 |
0.16,0.93 |
0.034* |
|
| 49 to 60 months |
6/148(4.1) |
0.38 |
0.16,0.89 |
0.025* |
0.59 |
0.24,1.40 |
0.245 |
|
| HIV status2 | ||||||||
| Negative (ref) |
117/1598(7.3) |
1.0 |
- |
- |
1.0 |
- |
- |
|
| Positive |
59/302(19.5) |
3.07 |
2.19,4.32 |
<0.001* |
2.96 |
2.07,4.21 |
<0.001* |
|
| Patient type | ||||||||
| Outpatients (ref) |
105/1577(6.7) |
1.0 |
- |
- |
1.0 |
- |
- |
|
| Inpatients |
82/535(15.3) |
2.54 |
1.87,3.45 |
<0.001* |
1.91 |
1.33,2.73 |
<0.001* |
|
| Seasonality |
- |
- |
||||||
| Dry Season (ref) |
|
1.0 |
- |
- |
1.0 |
- |
- |
|
| Wet season | 0 | 1.72 | 1.23,2.41 | <0.001* | 1.45 | 1.01,2.09 | 0.042* | |
KEY: *significant, missing values 1 = 29; 2 = 212.
Infection with Cryptosporidium spp.