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. 2013 May 29;13:519. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-519

Table 4.

Multinomial regression analysis of variables associated with problem gambling severity

Measures
Low level of problems
Moderate level of problems
Problem gambling
  OR 95% CI OR 95% CI OR 95% CI
Agea
0.98***
(0.97-0.99)
0.98**
(0.97-0.99)
0.97*
(0.94-0.99)
Male gender
2.46***
(1.94-3.12)
3.91***
(2.62-5.83)
7.51***
(2.78-20.29)
Education (<12yrs)
1.28*
(1.02-1.61)
1.95***
(1.36-2.81)
1.23
(0.56-2.69)
Unemployed
1.15
(0.72-1.83)
1.25
(0.64-2.44)
4.78**
(1.89-12.07)
Risk-level alcohol consumptionb
1.62**
(1.21-2.16)
1.96**
(1.3-2.95)
0.74
(0.28-1.95)
Smoking (daily) 1.78*** (1.35-2.33) 1.80** (1.21-2.68) 6.08*** (2.71-13.61)

Note. * p < .01 ** p < .001 *** p < .000.

Problem Gambling severity ( Reference group: non-problem gambling).

aAnalysed as a continuous variable.

b Risk-level alcohol consumption is defined as consuming at least 6 units at least once a week.