Table 2. Patient characteristics according to sodium bicarbonate administration (n = 103).

Variable	Bicarbonate use	Non-use	p value
	(n = 69)	(n = 34)
Sex, male, n (%)	48 (69.6)	24 (70.6)	1.000
Age, years	65.8±11.3	66.7±11.7	0.705
Initial pH	7.267±0.160	7.371±0.140	0.002
Initial bicarbonate (mEq/L)	13.1±4.6	16.4±5.2	0.001
Initial lactate (mg/dL)	84.3±45.5	63.0±32.5	0.016
Follow-up lactate (mg/dL)	78.7±54.2	46.8±23.7	0.033
Anion gap	20.7±7.4	17.9±5.5	0.053
Albumin (g/dL)	3.1±0.6	3.2±0.5	0.063
BUN (mg/dL)	43.6±24.6	37.5±23.8	0.236
Creatinine (mg/dL)	2.5±1.9	2.4±2.4	0.809
CRP (mg/dL)	12.1±10.8	11.4±7.6	0.698
Procalcitonin (ng/mL)	36.9±61.1	21.0±44.2	0.228
SOFA	9.5±3.1	7.0±2.9	0.000
APACHE II	24.0±6.5	20.8±4.9	0.012
Ventilator use, n (%)	43 (62.3)	7 (20.6)	0.000
Non-survivor, n (%)	61 (88.4)	22 (64.7)	0.007

n, number; CRP, C-reactive protein; SOFA, sepsis related organ failure assessment; APACHE II, acute physiologic and chronic health evaluation.