Table 2. Prodrug-activating system.
| Gene | Prodrug | Function | Bystander effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| HSV-TK |
Ganciclovir |
Metabolizes to a triphosphate nucleotide that competes with dGTP for DNA polymerases |
weak |
| CD |
5-fluorocytosine |
Inhibits thymidylate synthetase and DNA synthesis |
strong |
| VZV-TK |
ara-M |
Competes with dATP for incorporation into DNA, leading to termination of DNA synthesis |
weak |
| NR |
CB1954 |
DNA interstrand crosslinking |
strong |
| CPG2 | Nitrogen mustard L-glutamates |
DNA interstrand crosslinking |
strong |