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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jun 6.
Published in final edited form as: JAMA Intern Med. 2013 Apr 8;173(7):559–568. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.2921

Table 3.

Univariate and multivariate analysis of factors associated with use of non-guideline based care, vancomycin and granulocyte colony stimulating factors.

Vancomycin Granulocyte colony stimulating factor
N (%)1 Univariate OR Multivariate OR N (%)1 Univariate OR Multivariate OR
9311 (36.9) 15,880 (62.9)
Age
<60 years 4484 (40.0) Referent Referent 6775 (60.5) Referent Referent
≥60 years 4827 (34.4) 0.77 (0.72–0.84)* 0.77 (0.71–0.84)* 9105 (64.9) 1.22 (1.15–1.28)* 1.10 (1.01–1.20)*
Gender
Male 3824 (38.3) Referent Referent 6442 (64.6) Referent Referent
Female 5487 (36.0) 0.90 (0.86–0.95)* 1.00 (0.93–1.09) 9438 (61.9) 0.89 (0.84–0.94)* 1.03 (0.94–1.12)
Year of diagnosis
2000–2003 1691 (22.8) Referent Referent 5261 (71.0) Referent Referent
2004–2006 2526 (34.3) 1.56 (1.44–1.70)* 1.73 (1.58–1.89)* 4613 (62.7) 0.69 (0.64–0.74)* 0.58 (0.53–0.63)*
2007–2010 5094 (48.7) 2.97 (2.73–3.22)* 3.40 (3.11–3.71)* 6006 (57.4) 0.55 (0.52–0.59)* 0.42 (0.38–0.46)*
Race
White 6705 (36.6) Referent Referent 11,257 (61.5) Referent Referent
Black 1064 (44.7) 1.12 (1.01–1.25)* 1.21 (1.08–1.35)* 1524 (64.1) 1.12 (1.02–1.22)* 1.17 (1.04–1.32)*
Other 1542 (34.0) 0.94 (0.85–1.03) 0.92 (0.84–1.01) 3099 (68.4) 1.36 (1.27–1.45)* 1.22 (1.10–1.35)*
Marital status
Married 5198 (36.6) Referent Referent 8983 (63.2) Referent Referent
Single 1592 (43.6) 1.06 (0.97–1.16) 1.10 (1.00–1.22)* 2275 (62.3) 0.96 (0.89–1.04) 1.03 (0.93–1.14)
Unknown 2521 (34.2) 0.98 (0.91–1.06) 0.96 (0.89–1.04) 4622 (62.8) 0.98 (0.93–1.04) 0.96 (0.88–1.04)
Insurance status
Medicare 3761 (34.4) Referent Referent 7048 (65.3) Referent Referent
Medicaid 818 (38.4) 0.96 (0.85–1.09) 0.94 (0.83–1.08) 1341 (62.9) 0.90 (0.82–0.99)* 1.05 (0.91–1.20)
Commercial 4275 (38.5) 1.04 (0.96–1.12) 1.05 (0.97–1.15) 6729 (60.7) 0.82 (0.78–0.87)* 0.93 (0.85–1.01)
Uninsured 219 (37.6) 0.87 (0.70–1.06) 0.84 (0.67–1.05) 384 (65.9) 1.03 (0.86–1.22) 1.04 (0.82–1.31)
Unknown 238 (38.0) 1.09 (0.90–1.33) 1.07 (0.86–1.32) 378 (60.4) 0.81 (0.69–0.96)* 0.87 (0.70–1.09)
Location
Metropolitan 8319 (37.9) Referent Referent 13,815 (63.0) Referent Referent
Non-metropolitan 992 (30.0) 0.75 (0.61–0.92)* 0.71 (0.62–0.81) 2065 (62.4) 0.98 (0.90–1.05) 0.90 (0.77–1.06)
Teaching status
Non-teaching 4828 (34.3) Referent Referent 9212 (65.4) Referent Referent
Teaching 4483 (40.2) 1.16 (0.96–1.39) 1.10 (0.99–1.22) 6668 (59.8) 0.79 (0.75–0.83)* 0.71 (0.63–0.80)*
Hospital size
<400 beds 3867 (33.7) Referent Referent 7308 (63.7) Referent Referent
400–600 beds 2560 (34.7) 1.06 (0.87–1.29) 0.97 (0.87–1.09) 4871 (66.1) 1.11 (1.05–1.18)* 1.22 (1.07–1.40)*
>600 beds 2884 (45.2) 1.34 (1.01–1.78)* 1.30 (1.13–1.50)* 3701 (58.0) 0.79 (0.74–0.84)* 0.80 (0.67–0.95)*
Hospital location
Eastern 1344 (41.2) Referent Referent 2073 (63.5) Referent Referent
Midwest 2020 (40.2) 1.09 (0.85–1.40) 1.06 (0.92–1.22) 3055 (60.7) 0.89 (0.81–0.97)* 0.72 (0.61–0.86)*
Southern 4765 (35.4) 1.03 (0.81–1.31) 0.97 (0.85–1.11) 8396 (62.3) 0.95 (0.88–1.03) 0.96 (0.82–1.12)
West 1182 (34.2) 0.89 (0.67–1.18) 0.84 (0.71–0.99)* 2356 (68.1) 1.23 (1.11–1.36)* 1.10 (0.91–1.34)
Comorbidity
<2 1162 (34.8) Referent Referent 2058 (61.5) Referent Referent
2 1468 (35.6) 0.99 (0.89–1.11) 0.98 (0.88–1.10) 2505 (60.7) 0.97 (0.88–1.06) 0.95 (0.85–1.08)
>2 6681 (37.6) 1.13 (1.03–1.23)* 1.12 (1.02–1.24)* 11,317 (63.7) 1.10 (1.02–1.18)* 1.04 (0.94–1.16)
Physician specialty
Medical oncology 5674 (35.4) Referent Referent 9899 (61.7) Referent Referent
Internal medicine 2163 (43.7) 1.28 (1.16–1.41)* 1.38 (1.23–1.54)* 3306 (66.8) 1.25 (1.17–1.33)* 1.23 (1.08–1.40)*
Family practice 498 (34.9) 0.94 (0.81–1.09) 0.93 (0.79–1.10) 870 (61.0) 0.97 (0.87–1.08) 0.97 (0.80–1.16)
Hospitalist 438 (50.7) 1.62 (1.36–1.93)* 1.61 (1.32–1.96)* 533 (61.7) 1.00 (0.87–1.45) 0.99 (0.79–1.25)
Other 381 (31.8) 0.78 (0.67–0.92)* 0.75 (0.62–0.91)* 757 (63.2) 1.07 (0.94–1.20) 1.03 (0.83–1.28)
Unknown 157 (20.7) 1.03 (0.79–1.35) 1.10 (0.80–1.52) 515 (68.0) 1.32 (1.13–1.54)* 0.68 (0.47–0.98)*
Physician volume
Low 3343 (40.2) Referent Referent 5350 (64.3) Referent Referent
Intermediate 3107 (36.6) 0.99 (0.91–1.07) 0.94 (0.85–1.04) 5407 (63.8) 0.98 (0.92–1.04) 1.02 (0.90–1.15)
High 2861 (33.9) 0.88 (0.80–0.97)* 0.77 (0.67–0.88)* 5123 (60.7) 0.86 (0.80–0.91)* 0.88 (0.74–1.04)
Hospital volume
Low 2742 (32.8) Referent Referent 5492 (65.7) Referent Referent
Intermediate 2979 (35.8) 1.03 (0.85–1.24) 1.25 (1.12–1.39)* 5276 (63.4) 0.91 (0.85–0.97)* 0.95 (0.83–1.08)
High 3590 (42.0) 1.21 (0.92–1.57) 1.45 (1.27–1.65)* 5112 (59.8) 0.78 (0.73–0.83)* 1.04 (0.89–1.23)
Primary tumor site
Colorectal 793 (37.0) 1.17 (0.92–1.48) 1.21 (0.94–1.56) 1476 (68.9) 1.34 (1.22–1.47)* 1.29 (0.98–1.70)
Other gastrointestinal 743 (38.7) 1.24 (0.98–1.58) 1.31 (1.01–1.69)* 1257 (65.5) 1.13 (1.02–1.24)* 1.18 (0.89–1.56)
Head and neck 475 (42.3) 1.38 (1.08–1.77)* 1.42 (1.09–1.86)* 753 (67.1) 1.21 (1.07–1.38)* 1.24 (0.92–1.65)
Lung 1998 (32.1) 0.90 (0.72–1.13)* 0.91 (0.72–1.17) 4069 (65.3) 1.14 (1.08–1.21)* 1.05 (0.81–1.36)
Breast 2331 (34.8) 1.15 (0.91–1.45)* 1.17 (0.92–1.50) 3922 (58.6) 0.78 (0.74–0.82)* 0.74 (0.56–0.96)*
Skin 98 (46.0) 1.68 (1.18–2.40)* 1.85 (1.26–2.72)* 141 (66.2) 1.15 (0.87–1.54) 1.02 (0.66–1.56)
Soft tissue 455 (45.0) 1.49 (1.15–1.92)* 1.66 (1.25–2.19)* 519 (51.3) 0.61 (0.54–0.69)* 0.64 (0.47–0.86)*
Genitourinary 523 (36.6) 1.08 (0.86–1.39) 1.13 (0.87–1.46) 948 (66.3) 1.17 (1.05–1.31)* 1.10 (0.83–1.46)
Gynecologic 478 (32.8) 0.99 (0.77–1.28) 1.11 (0.84–1.46) 967 (66.3) 1.17 (1.05–1.31)* 1.10 (0.82–1.48)
Lymphoma 1445 (47.1) 1.76 (1.39–2.22)* 1.85 (1.44–2.39)* 1856 (60.5) 0.89 (0.82–0.96)* 0.85 (0.65–1.12)
Brain 100 (43.9) 1.46 (1.02–2.10)* 1.40 (0.93–2.09) 158 (69.3) 1.33 (1.00–1.77)* 1.57 (1.00–2.46)*
Disease characteristics
Sepsis 1668 (54.0) 1.80 (1.64–1.97)* 1.86 (1.69–2.05)* 2006 (65.0) 1.11 (1.02–1.20)* 1.02 (0.92–1.14)
Pneumonia 998 (48.9) 1.61 (1.44–1.79)* 1.65 (1.47–1.85)* 1371 (67.2) 1.23 (1.11–1.35)* 1.24 (1.09–1.40)*
Intensive care use 1059 (65.1) 2.38 (2.09–2.71)* 2.63 (2.29–3.03)* 1171 (72.0) 1.55 (1.39–1.74)* 1.64 (1.40–1.92)*
Hypotension 38 (40.4) 0.89 (0.56–1.42) 0.98 (0.59–1.6) 66 (70.2) 1.39 (0.89–2.16) 1.41 (0.81–2.47)
Mechanical ventilation 271 (69.7) 1.78 (1.37–2.31)* 1.81 (1.37–2.40)* 276 (71.0) 1.45 (1.16–1.80)* 1.04 (0.77–1.41)
1

Reflects the percentage of patients who received guideline-concordant care.

*

p<0.05