Table 1.
Characteristics of glycaemic excursion in subjects with Type 2 diabetes and normal glucose tolerance
| Patients with Type 2 diabetes | Subjects with normal glucose tolerance | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vegetables before Carbohydrates | carbohydrates before vegetables | P | Vegetables before Carbohydrates | carbohydrates before vegetables | P | |
| Mean plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 8.01 ± 1.97 | 8.16 ± 1.90 | NS | 5.04 ± 0.37 | 5.22 ± 0.49 | NS |
| Standard deviation (mmol/l) | 1.69 ± 0.67 | 2.38 ± 1.13 | < 0.01 | 0.69 ± 0.19 | 0.91 ± 0.38 | < 0.01 |
| Mean amplitude of glycaemic excursions (mmol/l) | 4.36 ± 1.86 | 6.52 ± 3.17 | < 0.01 | 1.56 ± 0.74 | 2.44 ± 1.09 | < 0.01 |
| Largest amplitude of glycaemic excursions (mmol/l) | 6.82 ± 2.24 | 9.43 ± 3.98 | < 0.01 | 3.10 ± 0.74 | 4.53 ± 1.66 | < 0.01 |
| 1-h postprandial plasma glucose of breakfast (mmol/l) | 9.53 ± 2.21 | 11.00 ± 3.54 | < 0.05 | 5.92 ± 0.81 | 6.28 ± 1.06 | < 0.05 |
| 2-h postprandial plasma glucose of breakfast (mmol/l) | 9.66 ± 2.77 | 10.54 ± 3.27 | NS | 5.33 ± 0.54 | 5.21 ± 0.80 | NS |
| 1-h postprandial plasma glucose of lunch (mmol/l) | 8.55 ± 2.78 | 9.78 ± 3.94 | NS | 5.62 ± 0.78 | 7.23 ± 1.58 | < 0.001 |
| 2-h postprandial plasma glucose of lunch (mmol/l) | 8.90 ± 2.96 | 10.84 ± 4.55 | < 0.05 | 5.67 ± 0.95 | 5.95 ± 1.33 | NS |
| 1-h postprandial plasma glucose of dinner (mmol/l) | 9.28 ± 2.44 | 10.17 ± 3.13 | NS | 5.68 ± 0.94 | 7.08 ± 1.59 | < 0.01 |
| 2-h postprandial plasma glucose of dinner (mmol/l) | 9.06 ± 2.50 | 10.48 ± 3.67 | < 0.01 | 5.67 ± 0.78 | 6.19 ± 1.42 | NS |
| IAUC0–3h of breakfast (mmol/l) | 321 ± 225 | 472 ± 331 | < 0.05 | 114 ± 66 | 108 ± 54 | NS |
| IAUC0–3h of lunch (mmol/l) | 397 ± 278 | 640 ± 421 | < 0.05 | 155 ± 93 | 235 ± 135 | < 0.05 |
| IAUC0–3h of dinner (mmol/l) | 287 ± 260 | 532 ± 308 | < 0.01 | 125 ± 93 | 229 ± 165 | < 0.05 |
| Mean IAUC0–3h (mmol/l) | 334 ± 254 | 546 ± 356 | < 0.001 | 132 ± 85 | 191 ± 138 | < 0.05 |
| Incremental glucose peak of breakfast (mmol/l) | 3.34 ± 1.63 | 5.08 ± 2.69 | < 0.01 | 1.50 ± 0.63 | 1.97 ± 0.88 | < 0.05 |
| Incremental glucose peak of lunch (mmol/l) | 3.10 ± 2.01 | 6.97 ± 3.53 | < 0.05 | 1.67 ± 0.79 | 2.83 ± 1.40 | < 0.01 |
| Incremental glucose peak of dinner (mmol/l) | 2.53 ± 1.84 | 4.71 ± 3.57 | < 0.05 | 1.43 ± 0.76 | 2.66 ± 1.51 | < 0.01 |
| Mean incremental glucose peak (mmol/l) | 2.99 ± 1.82 | 5.50 ± 3.34 | < 0.001 | 1.56 ± 0.73 | 2.50 ± 1.33 | < 0.001 |