Table 3. Differential Association of Exposure and Four Disruptive Behavior Dimensions a (n = 211).
| Temper loss | Noncompliance | Aggression | Low Concern | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estimate | S.E. | Estimate | S.E. | Estimate | S.E. | Estimate | S.E. | |
| Interceptb | 0.349** | (0.029) | 0.136** | (0.020) | 0.069** | (0.016) | 0.155** | (0.014) |
| Teen age | 0.030** | (0.009) | 0.047** | (0.006) | 0.029** | (0.005) | 0.014** | (0.004) |
| Teen sex (0 = female, 1 = male) | 0.029 | (0.029) | 0.026 | (0.020) | 0.067** | (0.016) | 0.058** | (0.014) |
| Maternal antisocial behavior | 0.002 | (0.002) | 0.002† | (0.001) | 0.001 | (0.001) | 0.001 | (0.001) |
| Paternal antisocial behavior | 0.000 | (0.001) | 0.001 | (0.001) | 0.000 | (0.001) | 0.001 | (0.000) |
| Family adversity index | 0.007 | (0.014) | -0.004 | (0.010) | 0.002 | (0.008) | 0.004 | (0.007) |
| Current ETS exposure (1 = yes) | 0.027 | (0.032) | 0.017 | (0.022) | -0.009 | (0.018) | 0.012 | (0.016) |
| Prenatal ETS exposure (1 = yes) | 0.003 | (0.032) | 0.024 | (0.022) | 0.018 | (0.018) | -0.001 | (0.016) |
| Prenatal cigarette exposure (cig/d) | -0.001 | (0.002) | 0.003** | (0.001) | 0.002* | (0.001) | 0.000 | (0.001) |
†
p < .10,
*
p < .05,
**
p < .01
a
Multivariate regression with random intercepts for families, controlling for teen age and sex, maternal and paternal antisocial behavior, family adversity index, and prenatal and concurrent secondhand smoke exposure.
b
Intercept represents estimated value of dimensional score for female at mean age, mean maternal and paternal antisocial behavior, with family adversity index, second-hand smoke exposure and prenatal cigarette exposure values of zero.