Table 3.
Immediate and Residual effects of Heavy Drinking on Measures of Subjective Ratings of Hangover and Neurocognitive Performance: Main Effects for Alcohol vs. Placebo and Significant Interactions
| Measure | After alcohol M (SD) | After placebo M (SD) | F | df | ff |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| At peak BrAC | |||||
| Ability to drive vehicle a | 1.52 (0.58) | 2.86 (0.35) | 390.66*** | 1,91 | 2.00 |
| Likely to drive vehicle b | 1.55 (0.95) | 4.09 (1.09) | 366.68*** | 1,92 | 2.00 |
| Next morning | |||||
| Ability to drive vehicle a | 3.60 (0.55) | 3.12 (0.51) | 51.89*** | 1,91 | 0.75 |
| Likely to drive vehicle b | 3.46 (1.22) | 4.25 (0.88) | 49.72*** | 1,92 | 0.73 |
| Acute Hangover Scale | 1.60 (0.90) | 0.60 (0.46) | 130.19*** | 1,91 | 1.20 |
| Vodka condition | 1.38 (0.74) | 0.57 (0.32) | 5.69c* | 1,91 | .25c |
| Bourbon condition | 1.88 (1.01) | 0.64 (0.59) | |||
| Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS) d | 3.37 (1.22) | 2.61 (1.12) | 29.81*** | 1,92 | .57 |
| Sleep quality mean score e | 2.98 (0.64) | 3.46 (0.53) | 45.97*** | 1,88 | .72 |
*
p < .05;
**
p < .01;
p < .001.
a
Rated from 1 “much worse” to 5 “much better”
b
Rated from 1 “definitely would not” to 5 “definitely would”
c
Test of interaction of alcohol and congener content
d
High score (7) is extremely sleepy
e
High score is “much better” or “excellent”
f
Effect size: < .25 is small, .25–.39 is medium, ≥ .40 is large