Table 4.
Residual effects of Heavy Drinking on Measures of Neurocognitive Performance and Sleep Recordings: Main Effects for Alcohol vs. Placebo and Significant Interactions
| Measure | After alcohol M (SD) | After placebo M (SD) | F | df | fe |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tests requiring sustained attention and/or reaction time | |||||
| CPT reaction time (msec) | 387 (42) | 379 (38) | 10.28** | 1,90 | .33 |
| Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT; msec) | 229.8 (30.9) | 220.8 (24.5) | 19.14*** | 1,93 | .45 |
| Finger Tapping Test: preferred hand | 57.1 (6.7) | 58.0 (6.5) | 4.45 | 1,87 | .23 |
| Alcohol on first night | 57.8 (6.3) | 57.0 (6.3) | 14.43a*** | 1,87 | .40a |
| Alcohol on second night | 56.6 (7.0) | 58.8 (6.6) | |||
| Polysomnography variables hypothesized to be disrupted | |||||
| Sleep efficiencyd (% of time asleep) | 90.1 (7.4) | 92.2 (5.5) | 12.10*** | 1,83 | .37 |
| Percent of time in REM sleep | 20.3 (6.3) | 24.0 (6.9) | 24.96*** | 1,83 | .55 |
| Wake time after sleep onset (min) | 33.4 (24.7) | 25.1 (18.8) | 6.66** | 1,83 | .28 |
| Number of awakenings | |||||
| Men | 13.4 (6.3) | 15.0 (6.3) | 7.21b* | 1,83 | .30c |
| Women | 13.2c (5.3) | 11.7c (6.3) | |||
| Other polysomnography variables | |||||
| Percent of time in Slow Wave sleep | 26.6 (7.7) | 24.7 (6.9) | 6.90** | 1.83 | .29 |
*
p < .01,
**
p < .002,
***
p < .001,
p < .05 (trend).
a
Statistics for interaction of alcohol with order of administration.
b
Statistics for interaction of alcohol with gender.
c
Values significantly different from each other in MANOVA simple effects tests, p < .05.
d
Variable transformed to correct skewness; raw variables presented to ease interpretation.
Note: CPT = Continuous Performance Test; PVT = Psychomotor Vigilance Task; REM = rapid eye movement .
e
Effect size: < .25 is small, .25–.39 is medium, ≥ .40 is large