Table 4.
Comparison of Sample by Fatherhood Involvement (Child-Rearing Activities)
| Less involved (n = 17) |
More involved (n = 17) |
p a | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age in years; M (SD) | 27.47 (10.12) | 25.71 (6.93) | .557 |
| Race; n (%) | .050 | ||
| Black | 14 (82) | 14 (82) | |
| Latino | 0 | 3 (18) | |
| White | 0 | 0 | |
| Other | 3 (18) | 0 | |
| Education; n (%) | .039 | ||
| Less than 8 years | 1 (6) | 0 | |
| Some high school | 5 (29) | 1 (6) | |
| High school graduate | 9 (53) | 7 (41) | |
| Some college | 2 (12) | 9 (53) | |
| College graduate | 0 | 0 | |
| Employment; n (%) | .067 | ||
| Unemployed | 14 (82) | 9 (52) | |
| Employed | 3 (18) | 8 (47) | |
| Relationship status; n (%) | .163 | ||
| Single | 9 (53) | 5 (29) | |
| In a relationship | 8 (47) | 12 (71) | |
| No. of partners in life; M (SD) | 28.53 (40.18) | 37.94 (43.81) | .519 |
| No. of children; M (SD) | 1.71 (0.99) | 2.00 (1.27) | .457 |
| No. of mother(s) of babies; n (%) | .724 | ||
| 1 | 10 (59) | 11 (65) | |
| 2+ | 7 (41) | 6 (35) | |
| Network characteristics | |||
| % of network, male; % (SD) | 59 (27) | 73 (23) | .083 |
| % of network, length of relationship; % (SD) | |||
| <1 year | 12 (19) | 7 (14) | .518 |
| 1-2 years | 18 (17) | 13 (16) | .160 |
| >2 years | 71 (26) | 80 (23) | .159 |
| % of network, parent; % (SD) | 51 (27) | 48 (30) | .851 |
| % of network, very involved in raising their kids; % (SD) | 31 (22) | 48 (27) | .039 |
| % of network, ever encouraged you to use condoms; % (SD) | 71 (33) | 65 (32) | .557 |
| % of network, ever encouraged you to cheat on a partner; % (SD) | 29 (29) | 13 (21) | .159 |
| % of network, ever tried to get you to go out to clubs/bars; % (SD) | 60 (32) | 51 (31) | .330 |
| % of network, ever tried to get you to drink or use drugs; % (SD) | 51 (37) | 16 (27) | .033 |
| % of network, ever talk about parental involvement; % (SD) | 80 (0.24) | 72 (0.37) | .455 |
| % of network, ever talk about parenting issues; % (SD) | 80 (0.23) | 66 (0.31) | .316 |
| Sexual risk of network; M (SD) | |||
| Two or more partners in past year | 0.51 (0.30) | 0.28 (0.25) | .006 |
| Casual partners (frequently) | 0.07 (0.12) | 0.14 (0.24) | .071 |
| Condom use (never) | 0.12 (0.17) | 0.13 (0.21) | .526 |
| Condom use (always) | 0.39 (0.36) | 0.42 (0.38) | .120 |
| Network measures; M (SD) | |||
| Network density | 0.65 (0.38) | 0.53 (0.39) | .999 |
| Network closeness | 30.72 (48.75) | 46.61 (58.05) | .639 |
| Network degree centrality | 29.4 (42.30) | 32.4 (40.60) | .559 |
| Network size | 3.47 (2.34) | 4.94 (3.47) | .056 |
| Count of isolates | 0.88 (1.69) | 1.4 (2.12) | .870 |
| Count of dyads | 0.12 (0.49) | 0.00 (0.00) | .866 |
a
p value is for t test (continuous variables) or χ2 test (categorical variables). All analyses except demographics controlled for age, relationship status, and residential status. p values ≤.1 are given in boldface.