Table 3.
Structural connectivity MRI studies on working memory in high-functioning adolescents with ASD
| Study | Mean age in years (SD) | Participant groups | General IQ (SD) | Method |
Results |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Location | Fractional anisotropy | Mean diffusivity | |||||
| Barnea-Goraly et al. (2004) [91] |
14.6 (3.4) |
(n = 7) HFA |
101 (12.2) |
Whole-brain voxel-based analysis |
Ventromedial prefrontal cortices, anterior cingulate gyri, temporoparietal junctions |
↓ |
NR |
| 13.4 (2.8) |
(n = 9) TYP |
107 (8.5) |
|||||
| Cheng et al. (2010) [94] |
13.7 (2.5) |
(n = 25) ASD |
101.6 (18.9) |
Whole-brain voxel-based analysis |
Right posterior limb of internal capsule |
↓ |
NR |
| Frontal lobe, right cingulate gyrus, bilateral insula, right superior temporal gyrus, bilateral middle cerebellar peduncle | |||||||
| 13.5 (2.2) |
(n = 25) TYP |
109.0 (9.5) |
↑ |
|
|||
| Groen et al. (2011) [90] |
14.4 (1.6) |
(n = 17) ASD |
98 (18) |
Whole-brain voxel-based analysis |
Cerebrum, cerebellum |
= |
↑ |
| 15.5 (1.8) |
(n = 25) TYP |
105 (9) |
|||||
| Shukla et al. (2011) [92] |
12.6 (0.6) |
(n = 26) Autism, AS |
106.0 (3.6) |
Whole-brain voxel-based analysis |
Corpus callosum, anterior and posterior limbs of internal capsule, inferior longitudinal, inferior fronto-occipital, and superior longitudinal fasciculus cingulum, anterior thalamic radiation, corticospinal tract |
↓ |
↑ |
| 13.0 (0.6) |
(n = 24) TYP |
108.2 (2.6) |
|||||
| Shukla et al. (2011) [93] |
12.6 (0.6) |
(n = 26) Autism, AS |
106.0 (3.6) |
Whole-brain voxel-based analysis |
Frontal lobe |
↓ |
↑ |
| Temporal lobes, parietal lobes | |||||||
| 13.0 (0.6) | (n = 24) TYP | 108.2 (2.6) | = | ↑ | |||
AS: Asperger syndrome; ASD: Autism spectrum disorders; HFA: high-functioning autism; NR: not recorded; TYP: typical development.