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. 2013 Jun 2;14:118. doi: 10.1186/1471-2369-14-118

Table 1.

Basic patient characteristics according to microalbuminuria status

 
Total
Normoalbuminuria
Microalbuminuria *
p value
  n = 4191 n = 3538 n = 653  
Age (y)
51.7 ± 11.1
51.1 ± 11.1
54.7 ± 10.7
<0.001
Female, No. (%)
2320(55.4)
1919(54.2)
401(61.4)
0.001
Current smoker, No. (%)
1078(26.0)
929(26.5)
149(23.2)
0.09
Current drinker, No. (%)
774(18.7)
659(18.8)
115(18.0)
0.63
High school education, No. (%)
132(3.2)
110(3.1)
22(3.4)
0.71
Cardiovascular disease, No. (%)
207(4.9)
162(4.6)
45(7.0)
0.01
Stroke, No. (%)
101(2.4)
89(2.5)
12(1.9)
0.32
BMI (kg/m2)
24.7 ± 3.7
24.7 ± 3.7
24.7 ± 3.8
0.96
Waist circumference (cm)
87.9 ± 9.6
87.7 ± 9.6
88.8 ± 9.5
0.009
Systolic BP (mm Hg)
139.4 ± 22.1
138.1 ± 21.5
146.4 ± 24.4
<0.001
Diastolic BP(mm Hg)
77.7 ± 12.2
77.3 ± 12.0
80.1 ± 13.2
<0.001
Fasting glucose (mmol/L)
5.8 ± 1.3
5.7 ± 1.2
6.1 ± 1.9
<0.001
Triglycerides (mmol/L)
1.5 ± 1.0
1.5 ± 0.9
1.6 ± 1.3
<0.001
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)
1.3 ± 0.3
1.3 ± 0.2
1.3 ± 0.3
0.33
SCr (umol/L)
71.4 ± 10.8
71.5 ± 10.7
70.8 ± 11.3
0.11
Diabetes, No. (%)
259(6.2)
195(5.5)
64(9.8)
<0.001
Hypertension, No. (%)
2076(49.5)
1672(47.3)
404(61.9)
<0.001
CRP (mg/L)
0.8(0.4-2.1)
0.8(0.4-2.0)
1.0(0.4-2.3)
0.01
High CRP , No. (%)
660(15.7)
535(15.1)
125(19.1)
0.01
Obesity, No. (%)
1737(41.4)
1467(41.5)
270(41.3)
0.96
High BP, No. (%)
2723(65.0 )
2233(63.1)
490(75.0)
<0.001
High fasting glucose, No. (%)
818(19.5)
643(18.2)
175(26.8)
<0.001
High triglycerides, No. (%)
1185(28.3)
982(27.8)
203(31.1)
0.08
Low HDL cholesterol, No. (%)
797(19.0)
677(19.1)
120(18.4)
0.65
MetS , No. (%) 1076(25.7) 873(24.7) 203(31.1) 0.001

BMI body mass index, BP blood pressure, CRP C-reactive protein, HDL high density lipoprotein, MetS metabolic syndrome, SCr serum creatinine.

* Microalbuminuria was defined as a urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) of 30–300 mg/g.

High CRP was defined as a CRP ≥3 mg/dl.

MetS was defined by the Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS).