Skip to main content
. 2013 Jun 1;55(1):43. doi: 10.1186/1751-0147-55-43

Table 2.

Animal based measures related to the principles of good feeding and housing in tie-stall housing system with vs. without exercise

Measures Tie-stall housing system with exercise
Tie-stall housing system without exercise
(n = 40)
(n = 40)
Mean SEM Median Range Mean SEM Median Range
% of very lean cows
9.12
1.60
6.56
32.43
9.49
1.60
8.16
37.14
Duration of lying down movements
5.41
0.09
5.42
2.43
6.77
0.16
6.47***
3.16
% lying down movements with collisions
21.07
3.09
17.64
59.18
44.57***
4.22
41.00
83.67
% lying cows which lie partly outside lying area
0.78
0.55
0.00
15.62
5.35***
1.31
0.00
26.92
% cows with dirty lower legs
31.08
1.15
31.97
29.27
35.09
2.78
31.97
85.72
% cows with dirty udder
25.84
1.14
26.97
28.04
29.04
2.20
28.57
63.06
% cows with dirty flank and upper legs 42.08 1.01 40.00 21.90 43.54 1.93 42.85 55.71

*** significant statistical differences at P< 0.001.

n = number of farms.

SEM = standard error of the mean.