Table 3.
Animal based measures related to the principle of good health in tie-stall housing system with vs. without exercise
| Measures |
Tie-stall housing system with exercise |
Tie-stall housing system without exercise |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 40) |
(n = 40) |
|||||||
| Mean | SEM | Median | Range | Mean | SEM | Median | Range | |
| % lame cows |
15.12 |
0.67 |
15.15 |
13.88 |
22.21*** |
0.51 |
26.265 |
10.00 |
| % cows with no lesion |
89.13*** |
1.14 |
87.50 |
24.32 |
75.71 |
0.96 |
76.93 |
23.41 |
| % cows with at least one hairless patch and no lesion |
44.43 |
2.23 |
45.45 |
53.33 |
50.49* |
1.50 |
51.02 |
36.79 |
| % cows with at least one lesion |
10.87 |
1.14 |
12.50 |
24.32 |
22.30*** |
1.28 |
22.86 |
30.28 |
| Frequency of coughing per cow per 15 min |
0.31 |
0.22 |
0.00 |
6.25 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
| % cows with nasal discharge |
0.16 |
0.11 |
0.00 |
3.12 |
0.41 |
0.28 |
0.00 |
8.16 |
| % cows with ocular discharge |
1.75 |
0.39 |
0.00 |
6.25 |
0.92 |
0.30 |
0.00 |
6.25 |
| % cows with increased respiratory rate |
0.47 |
0.33 |
0.00 |
9.37 |
1.29 |
0.51 |
0.00 |
11.54 |
| % cows with diarrhoea |
2.26 |
0.77 |
0.00 |
15.62 |
3.43 |
0.94 |
0.00 |
23.07 |
| % cows with vulvar discharge |
0.14 |
0.09 |
0.00 |
2.70 |
1.90 |
0.54 |
0.00 |
14.00 |
| % mastitis |
6.38 |
0.54 |
5.00 |
10.50 |
13.85*** |
0.78 |
14.50 |
19.00 |
| % mortality during the last 12 months |
0.80 |
0.19 |
0.00 |
4.00 |
2.40 |
0.21 |
2.28*** |
5.00 |
| % dystocia |
0.91 |
0.23 |
0.00 |
5.00 |
2.66 |
0.24 |
2.78*** |
5.76 |
| % downer cows |
0.23 |
0.09 |
0.00 |
2.00 |
0.69* |
0.13 |
0.00 |
2.00 |
| % dehorned cows | 80.48 | 5.71 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 85.50 | 3.83 | 100.00 | 100.0 |
* significant statistical differences at P< 0.05.
*** significant statistical differences at P< 0.001.
n = number of farms.
SEM = standard error of the mean.