Table 4. The risk of sudden cardiac arrest in obstructive pulmonary disease categorized in subgroups by disease severity and current use of respiratory medication. Categories are mutually exclusive.
| Outcome | Cases | Controls | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR1 (95% CI) | |
| N = 1310 | N = 5793 | ||||
| Disease severity of OPD 2 | |||||
| No OPD | 1120 (86%) | 5171 (89%) | Reference | Reference | |
| OPD | Mild (0 drugs) | 12 (1%) | 61 (1%) | 0.9 (0.5–1.7) | 0.9 (0.5–1.7) |
| Moderate (1–2 drugs) | 99 (8%) | 334 (6%) | 1.4 (1.1–1.7) | 1.4 (1.1–1.7) | |
| Severe (3 drugs) | 45 (3%) | 147 (3%) | 1.4 (1.01–2.0) | 1.3 (0.9–1.9) | |
| Very severe (>3 drugs) | 34 (3%) | 80 (1%) | 1.9 (1.3–2.9) | 1.8 (1.2–2.7) | |
| Current use of respiratory drugs | |||||
| No OPD | 1120 (86%) | 5171 (89%) | Reference | Reference | |
| OPD | No SABA, AC, LABA or ICS | 52 (4%) | 358 (6%) | 0.7 (0.5–0.9) | 0.7 (0.5–0.9) |
| SABA only | 12 (0.9%) | 13 (0.2%) | 4.1 (1.9–9.0) | 3.9 (1.7–8.8) | |
| LABA only | 2 (0.2%) | 5 (0.1%) | 1.7 (0.3–9.0) | 1.8 (0.3–9.2) | |
| AC only | 19 (2%) | 30 (0.5%) | 2.8 (1.6–5.0) | 2.7 (1.5–4.8) | |
| ICS only | 11 (0.8%) | 78 (1.3%) | 0.6 (0.3–1.2) | 0.7 (0.4–1.3) | |
| SABA+AC | 8 (0.6%) | 10 (0.2%) | 3.5 (1.4–8.9) | 2.6 (1.02–6.7) | |
| ICS+LABA | 26 (2%) | 57 (1.0%) | 2.0 (1.3–3.3) | 2.0 (1.2–3.2) | |
| SABA+LABA and/or ICS | 14 (1%) | 11 (0.2%) | 5.5 (2.5–12.1) | 5.3 (2.4–12.0) | |
| AC+LABA and/or ICS | 23 (2%) | 46 (0.8%) | 2.3 (1.4–3.8) | 2.0 (1.2–3.4) | |
| SABA+AC+LABA and/or ICS | 23 (2%) | 14 (0.2%) | 7.9 (3.9–16.0) | 7.6 (3.7–15.6) | |
Data are number (%) or odds ratios (95% confidence interval).
ATC: Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system, AC: anticholinergics, CI: confidence interval, ICS: inhaled corticosteroids, LABA: long-acting β2-adrenoreceptor agonists, N: number, OPD: obstructive pulmonary disease, OR: odds ratio, SABA: short-acting β2-adrenoreceptor agonists.
Adjusted for concomitant cardiovascular disease.
Number of different respiratory drugs used (ATC code R03) in the six-month period before index date. Patients with mild OPD are patients who received at least two prescriptions of any drug ATC code R03 (drugs for obstructive airway diseases), within one year prior to the index date, but who did not use any of these drugs in the six-month period before index date.