TABLE 2.

Etiology of Systemic Hypertension in Preterm and Term Infants

	<28 weeks gestation	28 –36 weeks gestation	Preterm (< 37 weeks gestation)	Term	Total	p value (Preterm vs. Term)
n	21	18	39	14	53	0.45
Respiratory (BPD, pneumothorax)	19 (90)	7 (39)	26 (67)	2 (14)	28 (53)	0.001
Iatrogenic (caffeine, dexamethasone, ECMO)	20 (95)	6 (33)	26 (67)	2 (14)	28 (53)	0.001
Renal (renal parenchymal disease including ATN, ESRD and renovascular)	1 (5)	8 (44)	9 (23)	4 (29)	13 (25)	0.72
Neurologic (seizures, intracranial hypertension)	2 (10)	2 (11)	4 (10)	3 (21)	7 (13)	0.36
Gastrointestinal (abdominal wall defects)	0 (0)	1 (6)	1 (3)	3 (21)	4 (8)	0.051
Endocrine (hypercalcemia)	0 (0)	1 (6)	1 (3)	2 (14)	3 (6)	0.16
Cardiac (coarctation or arch repair)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (14)	2 (4)	0.06
No cause identified	0 (0)	3 (17)	3(8)	2 (14)	5 (9)	0.60

All values given as n (%); ATN, acute tubular necrosis; BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; ESRD, end stage renal failure