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. 2013 Jun 6;9(6):e1003394. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003394

Figure 2. Xenophagy in oropharyngeal keratinocytes can be stimulated by SLO or SLS and is not associated with killing of intracellular GAS.

Figure 2

A. Confocal microscopy of the association between EGFP-LC3 and GAS strain 188, 188SLO- (SLO-), 188SLS- (SLS-), or 188SLO-SLS- (SLO-SLS-). Immunofluorescent staining distinguished intracellular (Alexa-568, red) from extracellular (Alexa-568 and Alexa-660, red and blue, respectively) GAS. Scale bar = 10 µm. The percent of intracellular GAS that were associated with EGFP-LC3 at 3 h post-infection is shown for each strain. B. Electron microscopy of GAS strains 188, 188SLO-, and 188SLO-SLS- at 3 h post-infection. Arrowheads indicate the presence of double or multiple membranes (188 and 188SLO-) or single membranes (188SLO-SLS-) partially or completely surrounding bacteria. Vacuolar compartments associated with 188 and 188SLO- also contain cytosolic material. C. Intracellular survival of GAS strains 188, 188SLO-, 188SLS-, and 188SLO-SLS-. *, P<0.05. D. Intracellular survival of 188 or 188SLO- in the presence or absence of Beclin1 knockdown.