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. 2012 May 21;30(19):2314–2326. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2011.37.9792

Table 4.

Change in Insulin, CRP, Leptin, and Adiponectin by Study Group, Geometric Mean, and 95% CI

Biomarker Baseline
 12 Months
 Δ* %Δ P†
Mean 95% CI Mean 95% CI
Insulin,‡ μU/mL
    Control 11.99 10.83 to 13.28 11.55 10.38 to 12.85 −0.44 −3.7
    Diet 11.00 9.89 to 12.23 8.12 7.31 to 9.02 −2.87 −26.1 PC< .001§ PE< .01‖ PD+E = .87‖
    Exercise 10.94 9.97 to 12.0 10.05 9.14 to 11.04 −0.89 −8.2 PC = .26§ PD< .01‖ PD+E< .001‖
    Diet + exercise 10.67 9.65 to 11.81 7.85 7.07 to 8.71 −2.83 −26.5 PC< .001§ PD = .87‖ PE< .001‖
High-sensitivity CRP,‡ mg/L
    Control 1.89 1.50 to 2.39 1.89 1.48 to 2.42 0.00 −0.2
    Diet 2.60 2.18 to 3.11 1.53 1.28 to 1.82 −1.07 −41.2 PC< .001§ PE< .001‖ PD+E = .47‖
    Exercise 2.50 2.10 to 2.99 2.23 1.79 to 2.78 −0.27 −10.9 PC = .37§ PD< .001‖ PD+E< .001‖
    Diet + exercise 2.12 1.79 to 2.52 1.23 0.99 to 1.53 −0.89 −42.1 PC< .001§ PD = .47‖ PE< .001‖
Leptin, ng/mL
    Control 24.85 22.94 to 26.92 24.64 22.23 to 27.30 −0.21 −0.9
    Diet 23.07 21.41 to 24.86 15.71 14.18 to 17.40 −7.37 −31.9 PC< .001§ PE< .001‖ PD+E = .001‖
    Exercise 23.50 21.73 to 25.41 20.34 18.52 to 22.33 −3.16 −13.4 PC< .01§ PD< .001‖ PD+E< .001‖
    Diet + exercise 23.75 22.02 to 25.63 13.77 12.40 to 15.30 −9.98 −42.0 PC< .001§ PD = .001‖ PE< .001‖
Adiponectin, μg/mL
    Control 12.78 11.70 to 13.96 12.44 11.36 to 13.64 −0.34 −2.6
    Diet 12.36 11.37 to 13.44 13.46 12.41 to 14.60 1.10 8.9 PC < .001§ PE < .001‖ PD+E = .34‖
    Exercise 12.46 11.47 to 13.54 12.09 11.03 to 13.25 −0.38 −3.0 PC = .86§ PD < .001‖ PD+E< .01‖
    Diet + exercise 12.76 11.72 to 13.88 14.00 12.89 to 15.20 1.24 9.7 PC < .001§ PD = .34‖ PE< .01‖

Abbreviations: CRP, C-reactive protein; Δ, change.

*

Change at 12 months from baseline.

†

P values for comparing the change from baseline to 12 months between groups.

‡

For insulin and CRP, N = 406 (control, n = 79; diet, n = 105; exercise, n = 106; diet + exercise, n = 108).

§

PC, P values for comparing the changes between control group and three intervention groups.

‖

PD or PE, P values for comparing the changes between exercise group and diet group; PD+E, P values for comparing the changes between diet + exercise group and two other intervention groups (exercise group or diet group).

For adiponectin and leptin, N = 399 (control, n = 79; diet, n = 105; exercise, n = 106; diet + exercise, n = 109).