Table 3.

Effect of non-benzodiazepine hypnotic drugs on the risk of hip fracture as stratified by the following individual and facility level characteristics

	Number of exposed participants*	Odds ratio	95% confidence intervals	p-value
Individual characteristics
Cognitive status
Intact or mild impairment	558	1.86	1.56, 2.21	0.06
Moderate to severe impairment	366	1.43	1.15, 1.77
Functional status
Mild impairment	227	1.84	1.40, 2.42	0.65†
Moderate impairment	604	1.71	1.44, 2.02
Total or severe dependence	92	1.16	0.75, 1.79	0.11†
Transfers
Independently	167	1.46	1.06, 2.01	0.09‡
Supervision or mild assistance	417	2.02	1.65, 2.48
Extensive or full assistance	339	1.43	1.14, 1.79	0.02‡
Urinary incontinence
Always continent or always incontinent	587	1.70	1.43, 2.01	0.79
Intermittently incontinent	337	1.63	1.30, 2.04
Bed restraints
No bed rails or side rails	709	1.65	1.41, 1.93	0.78
Bed or side rails used	215	1.73	1.30, 2.31
Facility characteristics
Hi resident to staff ratio	463	1.87	1.52, 2.27	0.11
Low resident to staff ratio	457	1.50	1.23, 1.82
Hi Medicaid bed use	453	1.46	1.20, 1.77	0.05
Low Medicaid bed use	468	1.90	1.57, 2.31

^*30 day hazard period

^†Moderate functional impairment is the reference group

^‡Mild assistance with transfers is the reference group