Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics of the NESARC sample, by alcohol abuse/dependence and severity of gambling problem
| No alcohol abuse/dependence (N=38,796) | Alcohol abuse/dependence (N=3231)* | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-gamblers (N=28,991) |
Low-risk gamblers (N=8,894) |
At-risk Gamblers (N=748) |
Problem/pathological qamblers (N=163) |
Non-gamblers (N=1,894) |
Low-risk gamblers (N=1,070) |
At-risk Gamblers (N=197) |
Problem/pathological gamblers (N=70) |
|||||||||||||
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Variable | N | % | N | % | N | % | X2 (df) | p | N | % | N | % | N | % | X2 (df) | p | ||||
| Gender | 111.69 | <0.0001 | 31.18 | <0.0001 | ||||||||||||||||
| Male | 10,847 | 42.1 | 4,543 | 55.6 | 388 | 59.1 | 84 | 59.3 | 1,155 | 64.4 | 788.0 | 76.8 | 148 | 76.5 | 49 | 77.5 | ||||
| Female | 18,144 | 57.9 | 4,351 | 44.4 | 360 | 40.9 | 79 | 40.7 | 739 | 35.6 | 282.0 | 23.2 | 49 | 23.5 | 21 | 22.5 | ||||
| Black race | 5,838 | 11.8 | 1,780 | 11.0 | 181.0 | 13.6 | 59 | 23.7 | 16.83 | 0.0018 | 266 | 9.1 | 160.0 | 8.8 | 40 | 14.0 | 20 | 18.1 | 7.09 | 0.0793 |
| White race | 21,909 | 82.4 | 6,846 | 84.9 | 540.0 | 82.0 | 91 | 63.0 | 34.03 | <0.0001 | 1,562 | 87.6 | 874.0 | 86.8 | 151 | 83.0 | 49 | 76.4 | 4.89 | 0.191 |
| Hispanic ethnicity | 6,173 | 13.0 | 1,242 | 7.9 | 114.0 | 8.1 | 20 | 6.3 | 28.26 | <0.0001 | 375 | 12.3 | 164.0 | 8.9 | 30 | 7.3 | 11 | 7.5 | 12.14 | 0.01 |
| Education | 47.71 | <0.0001 | 21.56 | 0.0207 | ||||||||||||||||
| Less than high school | 5,640 | 16.5 | 1,361 | 13.5 | 145.0 | 16.3 | 35 | 19.5 | 278 | 14.1 | 116.0 | 9.9 | 36 | 16.2 | 13 | 19.4 | ||||
| HS or GED | 8,287 | 28.7 | 2,707 | 30.9 | 241.0 | 33.2 | 53 | 36.6 | 525 | 27.2 | 332.0 | 30.0 | 55 | 30.4 | 27 | 39.3 | ||||
| Some college | 8,134 | 28.9 | 2,793 | 31.5 | 238.0 | 32.0 | 49 | 27.7 | 643 | 35.7 | 412.0 | 40.5 | 72 | 36.2 | 22 | 28.0 | ||||
| College degree or higher | 6,930 | 25.9 | 2,033 | 24.1 | 124.0 | 18.5 | 26 | 16.2 | 448 | 23.0 | 210.0 | 19.6 | 34 | 17.2 | 8 | 13.3 | ||||
| Marital status | 77.81 | <0.0001 | 25.41 | 0.0012 | ||||||||||||||||
| Married | 15,053 | 62.5 | 4,984 | 67.6 | 353.0 | 58.4 | 71 | 51.8 | 674 | 41.5 | 428.0 | 48.4 | 83 | 46.9 | 21 | 36.5 | ||||
| Previously married | 7,439 | 17.1 | 2,402 | 18.0 | 210.0 | 20.1 | 42 | 20.4 | 392 | 15.8 | 268.0 | 18.7 | 30 | 10.5 | 18 | 18.0 | ||||
| Never married | 6,499 | 20.4 | 1,508 | 14.5 | 185.0 | 21.6 | 50 | 27.8 | 828 | 42.7 | 374.0 | 32.9 | 84 | 42.6 | 31 | 45.5 | ||||
| Employment status | 24.25 | 0.0017 | 7.21 | 0.3166 | ||||||||||||||||
| Full-time | 14,427 | 51.4 | 4,676 | 55.1 | 396.0 | 54.7 | 89 | 53.4 | 1,218 | 63.4 | 712.0 | 66.7 | 133 | 70.8 | 42 | 61.0 | ||||
| Part-time | 2,916 | 10.7 | 784 | 9.3 | 78.0 | 10.0 | 20 | 14.1 | 233 | 12.6 | 114.0 | 12.1 | 15 | 8.8 | 5 | 8.9 | ||||
| Not working | 11,648 | 37.9 | 3,434 | 35.6 | 274.0 | 35.3 | 54 | 32.5 | 443 | 24.0 | 244.0 | 21.1 | 49 | 20.4 | 23 | 30.1 | ||||
| Age in years, Mean and SE | 45.3 | 0.2 | 48.8 | 0.2 | 46.0 | 0.8 | 43.9 | 2.0 | 53.98 | <0.0001 | 33.2 | 0.4 | 37.4 | 0.5 | 34.0 | 1.1 | 34.2 | 1.8 | 16.64 | <0.0001 |
| Annual household income ($), Mean and SE | 52935 | 945 | 56434 | 1119 | 60278 | 4789 | 44989 | 3195 | 5.06 | 0.0103 | 54,441 | 2,221 | 59,314 | 3,976 | 58,044 | 4,512 | 43,982 | 5,381 | 1.23 | 0.2944 |
*
note: 96 of 3327 individuals indicated in table 1 did not provide sufficient gambling information and were not included in subsequent anaylses.