Lack of PmrA or its binding site in the ssrB promoter increases Salmonella virulence in mice. C3H/HeN mice were inoculated i.p. with ∼103 cfu of wild-type, pmrA, ssrB, ssrB promoter mutant (pssrBmu), and pmrA ssrB promoter double mutant (pmrA pssrBmu) Salmonella. Survival of mice was monitored daily (A). At 5 d after infection, the number of bacteria in the liver and spleen were determined (B).