Table 3.
Outcomes by trial arm
| Outcome | Trial arm | Difference (intervention−control) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Control | Unadjusted | Adjusted* | ||||||||
| No | Value† | No | Value† | Statistic‡ | P value | Statistic‡ | P value | ||||
| Child | |||||||||||
| Body mass index (BMI) | 56 | 23.2 (3.8) | 49 | 23.6 (4.6) | −0.4 (−2.0 to 1.2) | 0.6 | −0.1 (−0.7 to 0.5) | 0.7 | |||
| BMI z score | 56 | 2.0 (0.5) | 49 | 2.0 (0.4) | −0.01 (−0.20 to 0.18) | 0.9 | −0.05 (−0.14 to 0.03) | 0.2 | |||
| Total body fat (%) | 56 | 32.9 (7.2) | 48 | 34.2 (6.2) | −1.3 (−3.9 to 1.4) | 0.3 | −0.9 (−2.6 to 0.8) | 0.3 | |||
| Waist circumference (cm) | 56 | 75.6 (13.0) | 49 | 77.9 (13.6) | −2.3 (−7.5 to 2.8) | 0.4 | −1.7 (−4.1 to 0.6) | 0.1 | |||
| Physical activity (accelerometry): | |||||||||||
| Mean counts per minute | 48 | 332 (113) | 44 | 309 (106) | 23.1 (−22.5 to 68.7) | 0.3 | 25.1 (−17.6 to 67.8) | 0.2 | |||
| % time by activity intensity: | |||||||||||
| Sedentary | 48 | 45.6 (9.2) | 44 | 46.1 (8.0) | −0.5 (−4.1 to 3.1) | 0.8 | −0.7 (−3.8 to 2.4) | 0.7 | |||
| Light | 48 | 39.9 (5.9) | 44 | 39.8 (5.4) | 0.2 (−2.2 to 2.5) | 0.9 | 0.3 (−1.7 to 2.3) | 0.8 | |||
| Moderate/vigorous | 48 | 14.5 (5.5) | 44 | 14.2 (4.8) | 0.3 (−1.8 to 2.5) | 0.8 | 0.4 (−1.6 to 2.4) | 0.7 | |||
| Diet quality | 56 | 3.8 (1.0) | 47 | 3.5 (1.2) | 0.3 (−0.03 to 0.7) | 0.07 | 0.3 (0.0 to 0.6) | 0.05 | |||
| Health related quality of life (health status): | |||||||||||
| Parent report | 51 | 77.5 (14.1) | 49 | 75.8 (13.6) | 1.7 (−3.8 to 7.2) | 0.6 | −0.7 (−5.0 to 3.7) | 0.8 | |||
| Child report | 51 | 73.0 (15.0) | 45 | 75.2 (14.5) | −2.2 (−8.2 to 3.9) | 0.5 | −1.9 (−7.8 to 4.0) | 0.5 | |||
| Physical appearance/self worth, % positive | 51 | 58.7 | 45 | 57.0 | 1.1 (0.6 to 1.8)§ | 0.8 | 1.0 (0.6 to 1.7)§ | >0.9 | |||
| Body dissatisfaction | 51 | 1.3 (1.2) | 45 | 1.6 (1.2) | −0.4 (−0.8 to 0.1) | 0.1 | −0.3 (−0.8 to 0.2) | 0.3 | |||
| Parent¶ | |||||||||||
| Mother’s BMI | 47 | 28.6 (7.6) | 46 | 30.2 (8.8) | −1.6 (−5.0 to 1.8) | 0.4 | 0.2 (−0.8 to 1.2) | 0.8 | |||
| Father’s BMI | 33 | 29.9 (5.2) | 35 | 31.5 (6.7) | −1.6 (−4.5 to 1.3) | 0.3 | 0.4 (−0.9 to 1.7) | 0.5 | |||
*Adjusted for children’s sex and age at randomisation, neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage score, raw baseline BMI (except BMI z score analyses, which were adjusted for baseline BMI z score), and baseline value of outcome measure where available; parental BMI was also adjusted for parent’s age at randomisation.
†Mean (SD), except for physical appearance/self worth reported as percentage positive.
‡Mean differences with 95% confidence intervals, except for physical appearance/self worth reported as odds ratios (95% CI).
§Odds ratios (95% CI).
¶Parent’s BMI calculated from measured height and weight when available (n=71/93 (76%) mothers and 15/68 (22%) fathers), otherwise from values reported by responding parent (n=22/93 (24%) mothers and 53/68 (78%) fathers).