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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jun 10.
Published in final edited form as: Circ Res. 2011 Dec 29;110(4):e29–e39. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.111.255950

Fig. 3. SHF differentiation is independent of its proliferation activity and is negatively regulated by both MAP kinase and PI3K/AKT pathways.

Fig. 3

A&B. The embryo cultures were treated with 2 mM excessive thymidine. Sagittal sections were immunostained with anti-cyclin D2 (A) or MF20 antibodies (B) to demonstrate that cell cycle arrest did not affect SHF differentiation. C. The embryos were cultured in the presence or absence of 5 μM MEK or 3 μM PI3K inhibitors. Sagittal sections were immunostained with the indicated antibodies demonstrating that inhibition of MEK or PI3K induced SHF differentiation. -, DMSO as a solvent control; Mi, MEK inhibitor; Ai, PI3K/AKT inhibitor.