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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Behav Brain Res. 2013 Mar 26;248:12–24. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.03.028

Figure 3. Repeated restraint impaired acquisition of fear extinction in adolescent rats.

Figure 3

(A) Repeated restraint did not significantly impact acquisition of fear conditioning. In all plots, “percent freezing” is the percent of time the rat displayed freezing behavior in a trial (60 sec). (B) There was no significant difference between non-restraint rats and repeated restraint rats in freezing at the last conditioning trial. (C) There was no significant difference between groups in total travel distance or (D) average speed. (E) When tested on the next day in a novel chamber, non-restraint and repeated restraint rats exhibited initial robust freezing responses followed by gradual reduction of conditioned freezing. (F) Repeated restraint rats displayed significantly higher conditioned freezing responses compared to non-restraint rats over the initial 5 trials of testing. (G) Repeated restraint rats also displayed higher freezing responses compared to non-restraint rats when the last 5 trials were examined. (H) Rats from both groups displayed similar amounts of activity during habituation. Black represents non-restraint controls, white represents repeated restraint groups. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 compared between non-restraint and repeated restraint groups.