Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Pharm Sci. 2013 Apr 15;102(6):1948–1956. doi: 10.1002/jps.23544

Table 1.

Description of repeated measurements made at a total of 6 treatment sites on the upper arms of healthy human volunteers.

Dry Ag/AgCl electrodes Gel Ag/AgCl electrodes
Light pressure (n = 3 sites) Direct pressure (n = 3 sites) Light pressure (n = 3 sites) Direct pressure (n = 3 sites)
Pre-MN 9 measurements 9 measurements 9 measurements 9 measurements
One-time MN treatment (50 MN array applied twice) One-time MN treatment (50 MN array applied twice)
Post-MN 9 measurements 9 measurements 9 measurements 9 measurements
Total1 36 total measurements per subject (18 measurements of intact skin baseline; 18 measurements of MN-treated skin) 36 total measurements per subject (18 measurements of intact skin baseline; 18 measurements of MN-treated skin)
1

All measurements were made on skin sites that had been pre-hydrated under blank occlusive patches overnight. The same measurement techniques were used in the Yucatan pig and the hairless guinea pigs, with additional measurements made on non pre-hydrated skin in the animal models.