Table 3. Baseline Characteristics According to Hp Genotype Among Men and Women With Diabetes Aged 22 to 95 Years From the ICARE Study, 2005 to 2006*.
| Characteristic | Hp1-1 (n = 270) | Hp2-1 (n = 1,142) | Hp2-2 (n = 658) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | 125 (46) | 535 (47) | 317 (48) | 0.82 |
| Age (yrs) | 68.9 ± 8.7 | 68.2 ± 8.8 | 69.6 ± 8.1 | 0.007 |
| Smoking (yes) | 16 (6) | 107 (9) | 84 (13) | 0.004 |
| Time since diabetes diagnosis (yrs) | 8.9 (8.1-9.7) | 8.4 (8.0-8.8) | 8.6 (8.1-9.1) | 0.52 |
| Hypertension | 199 (74) | 857 (75) | 496 (75) | 0.86 |
| Statin use | 200 (74) | 882 (77) | 509 (77) | 0.51 |
| Metformin use | 213 (79) | 885 (78) | 511 (78) | 0.88 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.18 (7.04-7.33) | 7.24 (7.18-7.33) | 7.26 (7.16-7.35) | 0.67 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 189 ± 33 | 186 ± 37 | 187 ± 34 | 0.50 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 103 ± 24 | 102 ± 29 | 103 ± 26 | 0.83 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 46 ± 11 | 46 ± 11 | 46 ± 11 | 0.61 |
| MI before study | 31 (11) | 158 (14) | 96 (15) | 0.46 |
| MI during follow-up | 3 (1) | 4 (1) | 17 (3) | <0.0001 |
| CHD death during follow-up | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 5 (1) | 0.003 |
| Total CHD event† | 3 (1) | 4 (1) | 22 (3) | <0.0001 |
Values are n (%), mean ± SD, or geometric mean (95% CI).
*
Participant characteristics were compared between genotypes by using a general linear model for continuous variables and chi-square tests for categorical variables, unless there was a cell with n < 5, in which case the Fisher exact test was used. For skewed variables (time since diabetes diagnosis and HbA1c), p values from log-transformed analyses and geometric means with reverse-transformed 95% CIs are displayed.
†
Myocardial infarction (MI) or coronary heart disease (CHD) death during follow-up.
ICARE = Israel Cardiovascular Events Reduction With Vitamin E; other abbreviations as in Table 1.