Figure 5.
Whole-body fluorescence images acquired in vivo with existing commercial systems: (a) Single-wavelength image (excitation: ~680 nm, emission: ~720 nm) of an oxazine-derivate dye binding to beta-amyloid deposits present in Alzheimer’s disease (NightOWL-LB 983, courtesy of Berthold Technologies). (b) Tumor grown sub-cutaneously on right hip from A431 tumor cells. Image shows contrast associated with IRDye680 BoneTag (grayscale, excitation: 680 nm, emission: ~700 nm) and IRDye800CW EGF (pseudo-color, excitation: 780 nm, emission: ~800 nm) (Pearl Imager, courtesy of LI-COR Biosciences). (c) Imaging of XPA-1 tumors grown orthotopically in transgenic CFP nude mice from pancreatic cancer cells transfected with two fluorescent proteins to express GFP in the nucleus and RFP in the cytoplasm. Images show the dual-colored tumor in red (RFP) and green (GFP) color scales, while the pancreas and rest of the mouse appear in blue from the CFP [178] (iBox). (d) Images from a nude mouse with three sub-dermal tumors labeled with fluorescent proteins. The left-most image shows a representation of the fluorescence emanating from the animal (no spectral decomposition) while the other image is a composite combining the spectrally unmixed GFP, RFP and mPlum-FP images (green, red and magenta color scales, respectively) and the food autofluorescence (in blue) [6] (Maestro). (e) Images of approximately 1×1013 quantum dots (excitation: ~800 nm) implanted medial to the left kidney. The deeply-seated distribution of fluorescent molecules cannot be distinguished from autofluorescence sources in the epi-illumination image (left) but is clearly visible on the trans-illumination image (right) (IVIS Spectrum, courtesy of Caliper Life Sciences). (f) Multiplexed quantification of metalloproteinase and cathepsin activity in 4T1 mammary fat pas tumors. Fluorescence tomography image shows contrast from agents ProSense 750 (distributed throughout the tumor – red color scale) and MMPSense 680 (distributed on the surface of the tumor - in green) (FT 2500, courtesy of VisEn Medical). (g) Simultaneous lifetime imaging of two molecular biomarkers binding to cancer in xenograft mouse model (U-87MG glioblastoma cell line with mutation in EGF receptor) injected in flank of a nude mouse: lifetime of C225-Cy5.5 (C225 antibody-Cetuximab, an EGFR targeting antibody) in liver (image A), in the tumor (image B) and of Tf-DY682 (transferrin protein binding to transferrin receptors) in the tumor (image C) (Optix MX2, courtesy of ART Advanced Research and Technologies). (h) Combined digital X-ray image fluorescence image (excitation: ~720nm, emission: ~790nm) (KODAK In Vivo Imaging System, courtesy of Carestream Health).