Fig. 1.

Comparison of seven fruit vinegars on the mRNA levels of PPARα (A), CPT-1 (B), ACO (C), and UCP-2 (D) in HepG2 cells. Each sample containing 1 mM acetic acid was applied to HepG2 cells, and the cells were incubated for 3 h. The mRNA levels were measured by RT-PCR and normalized to β-actin. Data shown (mean ± SD, n = 3) are typical of three experiments with similar results. ^*P < 0.05 vs. control, based on ANOVA with the post-hoc Dunnett's multiple range test.