Table 1.
Baseline demographic characteristics and baseline outcomes of participants in Harmony@Home Group and control group
| Variables | H@H group (n = 47) |
Control group (n = 41) |
p valuea |
|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) or % | M (SD) or % | ||
| Demographic characteristics | |||
| Ageb | 41.32 (5.33) | 40.77 (5.91) | 0.66 |
| Number of children | 1.94 (0.97) | 1.90 (0.70) | 0.85 |
| Place of birth | 0.89 | ||
| Hong Kong | 40.4 % | 39.0 % | |
| Outside Hong Kong | 59.6 % | 61.0 % | |
| Marital status | 0.77 | ||
| Married | 83.0 % | 87.8 % | |
| Singlec | 17.0 % | 12.2 % | |
| Working status | 0.24 | ||
| Nonworkingd | 51.1 % | 63.4 % | |
| Working | 48.9 % | 36.6 % | |
| Household income (HK$)e | 0.81 | ||
| <2,000 | 0.0 % | 2.4 % | |
| 2,000–5,999 | 15.9 % | 14.6 % | |
| 6,000–9,999 | 36.4 % | 36.6 % | |
| 10,000–19,000 | 20.5 % | 22.0 % | |
| 20,000–29,000 | 15.9 % | 12.2 % | |
| 30,000–39,000 | 9.1 % | 4.9 % | |
| >40,000 | 1.2 % | 3.5 % | |
| Outcomes | |||
| Satisfaction with relationship with child | 3.96 (0.96) | 3.80 (0.87) | 0.44 |
| Family harmony | 3.90 (0.70) | 3.48 (0.76) | 0.01* |
| Made effort to enhance relationship | 3.43 (0.97) | 3.10 (0.92) | 0.11 |
| Stated clear expectations | 4.38 (0.74) | 3.83 (0.92) | <0.01* |
| Gave reasonable consequences | 3.40 (0.80) | 3.37 (0.99) | 0.84 |
| Stayed calm when child argued | 2.98 (0.87) | 2.95 (1.02) | 0.89 |
| Negotiated good behavior | 3.89 (0.81) | 3.37 (0.80) | <0.01* |
a H@H group Harmony@Home group
bAll p values based on independent samples t test or χ2
c Sample size Harmony@Home group, n = 44, control group, n = 39
dSingle parent included participants who were never married, divorced or widowed
eNonworking included unemployed and those not working outside of the home
f Sample size Harmony@Home group, n = 44, control group, n = 41
*The result is statistically significant at p <0.05