Table 2.
Evolution of the “Back-end” of Critical Care: Management and Recovery
| Years | Concept Introduced and Published | “Back-End” Process of Care | Evolutionary Step of the ABCDE Bundle |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1995–99 | Spontaneous Breathing Trials (SBTs) | Liberation from Ventilation | Step B |
| 1999–2004 | Spontaneous Awakening Trials (SATs) | Liberation from Sedation | Step A |
| 2001–07 | Awakening and Breathing Coordination (SATs + SBTs) |
Liberation from Sedation and Ventilation |
Steps ABC |
| 2001–08 | Validation and Implementation of Delirium Assessment / Monitoring Tools |
Delirium monitoring | Step D |
| 2009–10 | Early Mobility and Physical Therapy | Animation | Step E |
| 2010 | Awakening and Breathing Coordination, Delirium Monitoring, and Early Mobility |
Liberation and Animation | ABCDE |