Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population and subgroups classified as overweight (obesity included) according to BMI, WC or both (n = 7703)
| |
Boys |
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n = 3895) | Overweight BMI and WC (n = 168) | Overweight BMI only (n = 104) | Overweight WC only (n = 109) | Not-overweight BMI and WC (n = 3514) | p-value | |
| Mean age, years (SD) |
5.8 (0.4) |
5.8 (0.4) |
5.7 (0.5) |
5.7 (0.4) |
5.8 (0.4) |
0.026a |
| Mean height, cm (SD) |
117.8 (5.5) |
122.1 (5.6) |
117.8 (5.9) |
121.5 (5.2) |
117.5 (5.4) |
0.000b |
| Mean weight, kg (SD) |
21.6 (3.1) |
28.9 (3.9) |
25.3 (2.8) |
24.5 (2.4) |
21.0 (2.5) |
0.000c |
| Mean BMI, kg/(m)2 (SD) |
15.5 (1.4) |
19.3 (1.5) |
18.1 (0.9) |
16.5 (0.7) |
15.2 (1.0) |
0.000d |
| Mean WC, cm (SD) |
53.4 (3.7) |
63.3 (4.3) |
55.9 (2.2) |
59.8 (1.5) |
52.6 (2.8) |
0.000d |
| Non-Dutch ethnicity, n (%) |
568 (14.6) |
44 (26.2) |
30 (28.8) |
16 (14.7) |
478 (13.6) |
0.000e |
| Parental educational level low, n (%) |
845 (21.7) |
60 (35.7) |
33 (31.7) |
25 (22.9) |
727 (20.7) |
0.000f |
| Overweight according to clinical judgment of healthcare professional, n (%) |
259 (6.6) |
148 (88.1) |
69 (66.3) |
18 (16.5) |
24 (0.7) |
0.000d |
| |
Girls |
|
||||
| |
Total (n = 3808) |
Overweight BMI and WC (n = 258) |
Overweight BMI only (n = 183) |
Overweight WC only (n = 128) |
Not-overweight BMI and WC (n = 3239) |
p-value |
| Mean age, years (SD) |
5.7 (0.4)* |
5.8 (0.4) |
5.7 (0.4) |
5.8 (0.4) |
5.7 (0.4) |
0.751 |
| Mean height, cm (SD) |
117.0 (5.6)** |
120.8 (5.7) |
117.7 (5.5) |
120.5 (5.2) |
116.5 (5.5) |
0.000g |
| Mean weight, kg (SD) |
21.3 (3.4)** |
27.9 (3.6) |
24.9 (2.5) |
23.8 (2.5) |
20.5 (2.5) |
0.000h |
| Mean BMI, kg/(m)2 (SD) |
15.5 (1.6) |
19.0 (1.5) |
17.9 (0.8) |
16.3 (0.9) |
15.0 (1.1) |
0.000d |
| Mean WC, cm (SD) |
53.2 (4.1)* |
62.4 (4.0) |
55.7 (1.8) |
59.9 (1.8) |
52.1 (2.8) |
0.000d |
| Non-Dutch ethnicity, n (%) |
586 (15.4) |
57 (22.1) |
33 (18.0) |
24 (18.8) |
472 (14.6) |
0.005i |
| Parental educational level low, n (%) |
842 (22.1) |
91 (35.3) |
54 (29.5) |
30 (23.4) |
667 (20.6) |
0.000j |
| Overweight according to clinical judgment of healthcare professional, n (%) | 387 (10.2)** | 233 (90.3) | 113 (61.7) | 16 (12.5) | 25 (0.8) | 0.000d |
BMI = body mass index; WC = waist circumference.
*p < 0.05 for difference between boys and girls.
**p < 0.001 for difference between boys and girls.
Post-Hoc Tests (Tukey HSD for continuous determinants and cross-tabulation (2x2) for dichotomous determinants):
A = difference between ‘overweight BMI and WC’ and ‘BMI only’.
B = difference between ‘overweight BMI and WC’ and ‘WC only’.
C = difference between ‘overweight BMI and WC’ and ‘not-overweight BMI and WC’.
D = difference between ‘BMI only’ and ‘WC only’.
E = difference between ‘BMI only’ and ‘not-overweight BMI and WC’.
F = difference between ‘WC only’ and ‘not-overweight BMI and WC’.
ap < 0.05 for A and C.
bp < 0.001 for A, C, D and F.
cp < 0.001 for A, B, C, E, and F.
dp < 0.001 for A, B, C, D, E and F.
ep < 0.05 for B and D, p < 0.001 for C and E.
fp < 0.05 for B, D and F, p < 0.01 for E, p < 0.001 for C .
gp < 0.05 for E, p < 0.001 for A, C, D, and F.
hp < 0.01 for D, p < 0.001 for A, B, C, E and F.
ip < 0.01 for C.
jp < 0.05 for E, p < 0.001 for C.