Table 6.
Summary of the studies on air pollution and mortality from all respiratory disease (excess risk per 10 μg/m3)
| Study Name | Pollutant | Conca (μg/m3) | Spatial scaleb | % change in risk (95% CI) in mortality per 10 μg/m3 | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AHSMOG |
PM10 |
51 (17) |
Address (Inter) |
6 (−1, 15) |
[40] |
| ACS study |
PM2.5 |
17 (5) |
City |
−8 (−14, -2) |
[39] |
| Oslo cohort |
NOx |
11 (1 – 168) |
Address (DISP) |
16 (6, 26) |
[68] |
| Harvard six cities |
PM2.5 |
15 (10–22) |
City |
8 (−21, 49) |
[14] |
| Netherlands Cohort Study |
PM2.5 |
28 (23–37) |
Address (LUR) |
7 (−25, 52) |
[23] |
| Netherlands Cohort Study |
NO2 |
37 (15–67) |
Address (LUR) |
12 (0, 26) |
[23] |
| California Teachers study |
PM2.5 |
18 (7–39) |
Address (near) |
3 (−20, 34) |
[27] |
| China national. hypertension survey |
NOx |
50 (20 – 122) |
City |
3 (0, 6) |
[31] |
| China national. hypertension survey |
TSP |
289 (113 – 499) |
City |
0.3 (−1,1) |
[31] |
| US truckers study |
PM2.5 |
14 (4) |
Address (near) |
20 (−9, 60) |
[32] |
| US truckers study |
NO2 |
28 (14) |
Address (LUR) |
15 (1,31) |
[32] |
| California Teachers study |
PM2.5 |
16 (3–28) |
Address (Inter) |
21 (−3, 52) |
[36] |
| New Zealand Census study |
PM10 |
8 (0 – 19) |
Census tract (Disp) |
14 (5, 23) |
[35] |
| Shenyang cohort study |
PM10 |
154 (78 – 274) |
District (mean) |
67 (60, 74) |
[59] |
| Shenyang cohort study |
NO2 |
46 (18–78) |
District (mean) |
197 (169, 227) |
[59] |
| Shizuoka elderly cohort |
NO2 |
25 (−19, 75) |
Address (LUR) |
19 (2, 38) |
[70] |
| Two Scotch cohorts |
BS |
19 |
LUR + temporal |
11 (−3, 28) |
[67] |
| Rome longitudinal study | PM2.5 | 23 (7 – 32) | Address (DISP, 1 km grid) | 3 (−3, 8) | [38] |
a Mean with minimum – maximum in parentheses (μg/m3). One number in parentheses is standard deviation.
b Spatial scale of exposure assignment, in parentheses exposure assignment method. City = average of monitors within the city; Near = nearest monitor concentration; LUR = land use regression; Disp = dispersion modeling; Inter = interpolation.
Studies adjusted for individual smoking except references [26,28,30,34,38,56].